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\title{Through the Looking-Glass\\
{\normalsize and What Alice Found There}}


\author{Lewis Carroll\\
{\normalsize Illustrated by John Tenniel}}

\maketitle
\vspace*{\stretch{1}}

\noindent This public-domain text is derived from \noun{The Millenium
Fulcrum Edition} 1.7. Illustrations were obtained from Internet sources.
The Project Gutenberg edition (designated {}``lglass17'') was converted
to \LaTeX{} using \textbf{GutenMark} software and re-edited (formatting
only) by Ron Burkey. Report problems to info@sandroid.org. Revision
B2 differs from revision B1 in that m-dashes were corrected from {}``----''
to {}``---''.

\noindent \begin{center}Revision: B2\\
Date: 01/23/2008\end{center}

\vspace{\stretch{1}}

\frontmatter


\pagestyle{myheadings} {\footnotesize \tableofcontents{}}\newpage\ \newpage

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\mainmatter



\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER I. Looking-Glass house}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER I. Looking-Glass house}

\markboth{Through the Looking-Glass}{Looking-Glass house}

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One thing was certain, that the \textit{white} kitten had had nothing
to do with it:\mbox{---}it was the black kitten's fault entirely.
For the white kitten had been having its face washed by the old cat
for the last quarter of an hour (and bearing it pretty well, considering);
so you see that it \textit{couldn't} have had any hand in the mischief.

The way Dinah washed her children's faces was this: first she held
the poor thing down by its ear with one paw, and then with the other
paw she rubbed its face all over, the wrong way, beginning at the
nose: and just now, as I said, she was hard at work on the white kitten,
which was lying quite still and trying to purr\mbox{---}no doubt
feeling that it was all meant for its good.

But the black kitten had been finished with earlier in the afternoon,
and so, while Alice was sitting curled up in a corner of the great
arm-chair, half talking to herself and half asleep, the kitten had
been having a grand game of romps with the ball of worsted Alice had
been trying to wind up, and had been rolling it up and down till it
had all come undone again; and there it was, spread over the hearth-rug,
all knots and tangles, with the kitten running after its own tail
in the middle.

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`Oh, you wicked little thing!'\ cried Alice, catching up the kitten,
and giving it a little kiss to make it understand that it was in disgrace.\ 
`Really, Dinah ought to have taught you better manners! You \textit{ought},
Dinah, you know you ought!'\ she added, looking reproachfully at
the old cat, and speaking in as cross a voice as she could manage\mbox{---}and
then she scrambled back into the arm-chair, taking the kitten and
the worsted with her, and began winding up the ball again. But she
didn't get on very fast, as she was talking all the time, sometimes
to the kitten, and sometimes to herself. Kitty sat very demurely on
her knee, pretending to watch the progress of the winding, and now
and then putting out one paw and gently touching the ball, as if it
would be glad to help, if it might.

`Do you know what to-morrow is, Kitty?' Alice began.\  `You'd have
guessed if you'd been up in the window with me\mbox{---}only Dinah
was making you tidy, so you couldn't. I was watching the boys getting
in sticks for the bonfire\mbox{---}and it wants plenty of sticks,
Kitty! Only it got so cold, and it snowed so, they had to leave off.
Never mind, Kitty, we'll go and see the bonfire to-morrow.' Here Alice
wound two or three turns of the worsted round the kitten's neck, just
to see how it would look: this led to a scramble, in which the ball
rolled down upon the floor, and yards and yards of it got unwound
again.

`Do you know, I was so angry, Kitty,' Alice went on as soon as they
were comfortably settled again, `when I saw all the mischief you had
been doing, I was very nearly opening the window, and putting you
out into the snow! And you'd have deserved it, you little mischievous
darling! What have you got to say for yourself? Now don't interrupt
me!' she went on, holding up one finger.\  `I'm going to tell you
all your faults. Number one: you squeaked twice while Dinah was washing
your face this morning. Now you can't deny it, Kitty: I heard you!
What that you say?' (pretending that the kitten was speaking.) `Her
paw went into your eye? Well, that's \textit{your} fault, for keeping
your eyes open\mbox{---}if you'd shut them tight up, it wouldn't
have happened. Now don't make any more excuses, but listen! Number
two: you pulled Snowdrop away by the tail just as I had put down the
saucer of milk before her! What, you were thirsty, were you? How do
you know she wasn't thirsty too? Now for number three: you unwound
every bit of the worsted while I wasn't looking!

`That's three faults, Kitty, and you've not been punished for any
of them yet. You know I'm saving up all your punishments for Wednesday
week\mbox{---}Suppose they had saved up all \textit{my} punishments!'\ she
went on, talking more to herself than the kitten.\  `What \textit{would}
they do at the end of a year? I should be sent to prison, I suppose,
when the day came. Or\mbox{---}let me see\mbox{---}suppose each
punishment was to be going without a dinner: then, when the miserable
day came, I should have to go without fifty dinners at once! Well,
I shouldn't mind \textit{that} much! I'd far rather go without them
than eat them!

`Do you hear the snow against the window-panes, Kitty? How nice and
soft it sounds! Just as if some one was kissing the window all over
outside. I wonder if the snow \textit{loves} the trees and fields,
that it kisses them so gently? And then it covers them up snug, you
know, with a white quilt; and perhaps it says, {}``Go to sleep, darlings,
till the summer comes again.'' And when they wake up in the summer,
Kitty, they dress themselves all in green, and dance about\mbox{---}whenever
the wind blows\mbox{---}oh, that's very pretty!'\ cried Alice, dropping
the ball of worsted to clap her hands.\  `And I do so \textit{wish}
it was true! I'm sure the woods look sleepy in the autumn, when the
leaves are getting brown.

`Kitty, can you play chess? Now, don't smile, my dear, I'm asking
it seriously. Because, when we were playing just now, you watched
just as if you understood it: and when I said {}``Check!''\ you
purred! Well, it \textit{was} a nice check, Kitty, and really I might
have won, if it hadn't been for that nasty Knight, that came wiggling
down among my pieces. Kitty, dear, let's pretend\mbox{---}' And here
I wish I could tell you half the things Alice used to say, beginning
with her favourite phrase `Let's pretend.' She had had quite a long
argument with her sister only the day before\mbox{---}all because
Alice had begun with `Let's pretend we're kings and queens;' and her
sister, who liked being very exact, had argued that they couldn't,
because there were only two of them, and Alice had been reduced at
last to say, `Well, \textit{you} can be one of them then, and \textit{I'll}
be all the rest.' And once she had really frightened her old nurse
by shouting suddenly in her ear, `Nurse! Do let's pretend that I'm
a hungry hyaena, and you're a bone.'

But this is taking us away from Alice's speech to the kitten. `Let's
pretend that you're the Red Queen, Kitty! Do you know, I think if
you sat up and folded your arms, you'd look exactly like her. Now
do try, there's a dear!' And Alice got the Red Queen off the table,
and set it up before the kitten as a model for it to imitate: however,
the thing didn't succeed, principally, Alice said, because the kitten
wouldn't fold its arms properly. So, to punish it, she held it up
to the Looking-glass, that it might see how sulky it was\mbox{---}`and
if you're not good directly,' she added, `I'll put you through into
Looking-glass House. How would you like \textit{that}?'

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`Now, if you'll only attend, Kitty, and not talk so much, I'll tell
you all my ideas about Looking-glass House. First, there's the room
you can see through the glass\mbox{---}that's just the same as our
drawing room, only the things go the other way. I can see all of it
when I get upon a chair\mbox{---}all but the bit behind the fireplace.
Oh! I do so wish I could see \textit{that} bit! I want so much to
know whether they've a fire in the winter: you never \textit{can}
tell, you know, unless our fire smokes, and then smoke comes up in
that room too\mbox{---}but that may be only pretence, just to make
it look as if they had a fire. Well then, the books are something
like our books, only the words go the wrong way; I know that, because
I've held up one of our books to the glass, and then they hold up
one in the other room.

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`How would you like to live in Looking-glass House, Kitty? I wonder
if they'd give you milk in there? Perhaps Looking-glass milk isn't
good to drink\mbox{---} But oh, Kitty!\ now we come to the passage.
You can just see a little \textit{peep} of the passage in Looking-glass
House, if you leave the door of our drawing-room wide open: and it's
very like our passage as far as you can see, only you know it may
be quite different on beyond. Oh, Kitty! how nice it would be if we
could only get through into Looking-glass House! I'm sure it's got,
oh! such beautiful things in it!

`Let's pretend there's a way of getting through into it, somehow,
Kitty. Let's pretend the glass has got all soft like gauze, so that
we can get through. Why, it's turning into a sort of mist now, I declare!
It'll be easy enough to get through\mbox{---}' She was up on the
chimney-piece while she said this, though she hardly knew how she
had got there. And certainly the glass \textit{was} beginning to melt
away, just like a bright silvery mist.

In another moment Alice was through the glass, and had jumped lightly
down into the Looking-glass room. The very first thing she did was
to look whether there was a fire in the fireplace, and she was quite
pleased to find that there was a real one, blazing away as brightly
as the one she had left behind.\  `So I shall be as warm here as
I was in the old room,' thought Alice: `warmer, in fact, because there'll
be no one here to scold me away from the fire. Oh, what fun it'll
be, when they see me through the glass in here, and can't get at me!'

Then she began looking about, and noticed that what could be seen
from the old room was quite common and uninteresting, but that all
the rest was a different as possible. For instance, the pictures on
the wall next the fire seemed to be all alive, and the very clock
on the chimney-piece (you know you can only see the back of it in
the Looking-glass) had got the face of a little old man, and grinned
at her.

`They don't keep this room so tidy as the other,' Alice thought to
herself, as she noticed several of the chessmen down in the hearth
among the cinders: but in another moment, with a little `Oh!'\ of
surprise, she was down on her hands and knees watching them. The chessmen
were walking about, two and two!

`Here are the Red King and the Red Queen,' Alice said (in a whisper,
for fear of frightening them), `and there are the White King and the
White Queen sitting on the edge of the shovel\mbox{---}and here are
two castles walking arm in arm\mbox{---}I don't think they can hear
me,' she went on, as she put her head closer down, `and I'm nearly
sure they can't see me. I feel somehow as if I were invisible\mbox{---}'

Here something began squeaking on the table behind Alice, and made
her turn her head just in time to see one of the White Pawns roll
over and begin kicking: she watched it with great curiosity to see
what would happen next.

`It is the voice of my child!'\ the White Queen cried out as she
rushed past the King, so violently that she knocked him over among
the cinders.\  `My precious Lily! My imperial kitten!'\ and she
began scrambling wildly up the side of the fender.

`Imperial fiddlestick!'\ said the King, rubbing his nose, which had
been hurt by the fall. He had a right to be a \textit{little} annoyed
with the Queen, for he was covered with ashes from head to foot.

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Alice was very anxious to be of use, and, as the poor little Lily
was nearly screaming herself into a fit, she hastily picked up the
Queen and set her on the table by the side of her noisy little daughter.

The Queen gasped, and sat down: the rapid journey through the air
had quite taken away her breath and for a minute or two she could
do nothing but hug the little Lily in silence. As soon as she had
recovered her breath a little, she called out to the White King, who
was sitting sulkily among the ashes, `Mind the volcano!'

`What volcano?' said the King, looking up anxiously into the fire,
as if he thought that was the most likely place to find one.

`Blew\mbox{---}me\mbox{---}up,' panted the Queen, who was still
a little out of breath.\  `Mind you come up\mbox{---}the regular
way\mbox{---}don't get blown up!'

Alice watched the White King as he slowly struggled up from bar to
bar, till at last she said, `Why, you'll be hours and hours getting
to the table, at that rate. I'd far better help you, hadn't I?' But
the King took no notice of the question: it was quite clear that he
could neither hear her nor see her.

So Alice picked him up very gently, and lifted him across more slowly
than she had lifted the Queen, that she mightn't take his breath away:
but, before she put him on the table, she thought she might as well
dust him a little, he was so covered with ashes.

She said afterwards that she had never seen in all her life such a
face as the King made, when he found himself held in the air by an
invisible hand, and being dusted: he was far too much astonished to
cry out, but his eyes and his mouth went on getting larger and larger,
and rounder and rounder, till her hand shook so with laughing that
she nearly let him drop upon the floor.

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`Oh! \textit{Please} don't make such faces, my dear!' she cried out,
quite forgetting that the King couldn't hear her.\  `You make me
laugh so that I can hardly hold you! And don't keep your mouth so
wide open! All the ashes will get into it\mbox{---}there, now I think
you're tidy enough!' she added, as she smoothed his hair, and set
him upon the table near the Queen.

The King immediately fell flat on his back, and lay perfectly still:
and Alice was a little alarmed at what she had done, and went round
the room to see if she could find any water to throw over him. However,
she could find nothing but a bottle of ink, and when she got back
with it she found he had recovered, and he and the Queen were talking
together in a frightened whisper\mbox{---}so low, that Alice could
hardly hear what they said.

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The King was saying, `I assure, you my dear, I turned cold to the
very ends of my whiskers!'

To which the Queen replied, `You haven't got any whiskers.'

`The horror of that moment,' the King went on, `I shall never, \textit{never}
forget!'

`You will, though,' the Queen said, `if you don't make a memorandum
of it.'

Alice looked on with great interest as the King took an enormous memorandum-book
out of his pocket, and began writing. A sudden thought struck her,
and she took hold of the end of the pencil, which came some way over
his shoulder, and began writing for him.

The poor King look puzzled and unhappy, and struggled with the pencil
for some time without saying anything; but Alice was too strong for
him, and at last he panted out, `My dear! I really \textit{must} get
a thinner pencil. I can't manage this one a bit; it writes all manner
of things that I don't intend\mbox{---}'

`What manner of things?' said the Queen, looking over the book (in
which Alice had put `\textit{the} \textit{white} \textit{knight} \textit{is}
\textit{sliding} \textit{down} \textit{the} \textit{poker}. \textit{He}
\textit{balances} \textit{very} \textit{badly}') `That's not a memorandum
of \textit{your} feelings!'

There was a book lying near Alice on the table, and while she sat
watching the White King (for she was still a little anxious about
him, and had the ink all ready to throw over him, in case he fainted
again), she turned over the leaves, to find some part that she could
read, `\mbox{---}for it's all in some language I don't know,' she
said to herself.

It was like this.

\begin{quote} \begin{flushright} 

\textit{ykcowrebbaJ}



\footnotesize sevot yhtils eht dna ,gillirb sawT` \\

ebaw eht ni elbmig dna eryg diD\ \ \\

,sevogorob eht erew ysmim llA \\

.ebargtuo shtar emom eht dnA\ \ 

\end{flushright} \end{quote}

She puzzled over this for some time, but at last a bright thought
struck her.\ `Why, it's a Looking-glass book, of course! And if I
hold it up to a glass, the words will all go the right way again.'

This was the poem that Alice read.

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\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse}

\textit{Jabberwocky} \\*

\  \\*

\footnotesize 'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves \\*

\ \ Did gyre and gimble in the wabe; \\*

All mimsy were the borogoves, \\*

\ \ And the mome raths outgrabe.



`Beware the Jabberwock, my son! \\*

\ \ The jaws that bite, the claws that catch! \\*

Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun \\*

\ \ The frumious Bandersnatch!'



He took his vorpal sword in hand: \\*

\ \ Long time the manxome foe he sought--- \\*

So rested he by the Tumtum tree, \\*

\ \ And stood awhile in thought.



And as in uffish thought he stood, \\*

\ \ The Jabberwock, with eyes of flame, \\*

Came whiffling through the tulgey wood, \\*

\ \ And burbled as it came!



\mbox{One, two!\ One, two!\ And through and through} \\*

\ \ The vorpal blade went snicker-snack! \\*

He left it dead, and with its head \\*

\ \ He went galumphing back.



`And has thou slain the Jabberwock? \\*

\ \ Come to my arms, my beamish boy! \\*

O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!' \\*

\ \ He chortled in his joy.



`Twas brillig, and the slithy toves \\*

\ \ Did gyre and gimble in the wabe; \\*

All mimsy were the borogoves, \\*

\ \ And the mome raths outgrabe.

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`It seems very pretty,' she said when she had finished it, `but it's
\textit{rather} hard to understand!' (You see she didn't like to confess,
ever to herself, that she couldn't make it out at all.) `Somehow it
seems to fill my head with ideas\mbox{---}only I don't exactly know
what they are! However, \textit{somebody} killed \textit{something}:
that's clear, at any rate\mbox{---}'

`But oh!'\ thought Alice, suddenly jumping up, `if I don't make haste
I shall have to go back through the Looking-glass, before I've seen
what the rest of the house is like! Let's have a look at the garden
first!' She was out of the room in a moment, and ran down stairs\mbox{---}or,
at least, it wasn't exactly running, but a new invention of hers for
getting down stairs quickly and easily, as Alice said to herself.
She just kept the tips of her fingers on the hand-rail, and floated
gently down without even touching the stairs with her feet; then she
floated on through the hall, and would have gone straight out at the
door in the same way, if she hadn't caught hold of the door-post.
She was getting a little giddy with so much floating in the air, and
was rather glad to find herself walking again in the natural way.


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER II. The Garden of Live Flowers}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER II. The Garden of Live Flowers}

\markboth{Through the Looking-Glass}{The Garden of Live Flowers}

`I should see the garden far better,' said Alice to herself, `if I
could get to the top of that hill: and here's a path that leads straight
to it\mbox{---}at least, no, it doesn't do that\mbox{---}' (after
going a few yards along the path, and turning several sharp corners),
`but I suppose it will at last. But how curiously it twists! It's
more like a corkscrew than a path! Well, \textit{this} turn goes to
the hill, I suppose\mbox{---}no, it doesn't! This goes straight back
to the house! Well then, I'll try it the other way.'

And so she did: wandering up and down, and trying turn after turn,
but always coming back to the house, do what she would. Indeed, once,
when she turned a corner rather more quickly than usual, she ran against
it before she could stop herself.

`It's no use talking about it,' Alice said, looking up at the house
and pretending it was arguing with her.\  `I'm \textit{not} going
in again yet. I know I should have to get through the Looking-glass
again\mbox{---}back into the old room\mbox{---}and there'd be an
end of all my adventures!'

So, resolutely turning her back upon the house, she set out once more
down the path, determined to keep straight on till she got to the
hill. For a few minutes all went on well, and she was just saying,
`I really \textit{shall} do it this time\mbox{---}' when the path
gave a sudden twist and shook itself (as she described it afterwards),
and the next moment she found herself actually walking in at the door.

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`Oh, it's too bad!' she cried.\  `I never saw such a house for getting
in the way! Never!'

However, there was the hill full in sight, so there was nothing to
be done but start again. This time she came upon a large flower-bed,
with a border of daisies, and a willow-tree growing in the middle.

`O Tiger-lily,' said Alice, addressing herself to one that was waving
gracefully about in the wind, `I \textit{wish} you could talk!'

`We \textit{can} talk,' said the Tiger-lily: `when there's anybody
worth talking to.'

Alice was so astonished that she could not speak for a minute: it
quite seemed to take her breath away. At length, as the Tiger-lily
only went on waving about, she spoke again, in a timid voice\mbox{---}almost
in a whisper.\  `And can \textit{all} the flowers talk?'

`As well as \textit{you} can,' said the Tiger-lily.\  `And a great
deal louder.'

`It isn't manners for us to begin, you know,' said the Rose, `and
I really was wondering when you'd speak! Said I to myself, {}``Her
face has got \textit{some} sense in it, thought it's not a clever
one!'' Still, you're the right colour, and that goes a long way.'

`I don't care about the colour,' the Tiger-lily remarked.\  `If only
her petals curled up a little more, she'd be all right.'

Alice didn't like being criticised, so she began asking questions.\ 
`Aren't you sometimes frightened at being planted out here, with nobody
to take care of you?'

`There's the tree in the middle,' said the Rose: `what else is it
good for?'

`But what could it do, if any danger came?' Alice asked.

`It says {}``Bough-wough!''\ cried a Daisy: `that's why its branches
are called boughs!'

`Didn't you know \textit{that}?'\ cried another Daisy, and here they
all began shouting together, till the air seemed quite full of little
shrill voices.\  

`Silence, every one of you!'\ cried the Tiger-lily, waving itself
passionately from side to side, and trembling with excitement.\ 
`They know I can't get at them!'\ it panted, bending its quivering
head towards Alice, `or they wouldn't dare to do it!'

`Never mind!'\ Alice said in a soothing tone, and stooping down to
the daisies, who were just beginning again, she whispered, `If you
don't hold your tongues, I'll pick you!'

There was silence in a moment, and several of the pink daisies turned
white.

`That's right!'\ said the Tiger-lily.\  `The daisies are worst of
all. When one speaks, they all begin together, and it's enough to
make one wither to hear the way they go on!'

`How is it you can all talk so nicely?' Alice said, hoping to get
it into a better temper by a compliment.\  `I've been in many gardens
before, but none of the flowers could talk.'

`Put your hand down, and feel the ground,' said the Tiger-lily. `Then
you'll know why.'

Alice did so.\  `It's very hard,' she said, `but I don't see what
that has to do with it.'

`In most gardens,' the Tiger-lily said, `they make the beds too soft\mbox{---}so
that the flowers are always asleep.'

This sounded a very good reason, and Alice was quite pleased to know
it.\  `I never thought of that before!' she said.

`It's \textit{my} opinion that you never think \textit{at} \textit{all},'
the Rose said in a rather severe tone.

`I never saw anybody that looked stupider,' a Violet said, so suddenly,
that Alice quite jumped; for it hadn't spoken before.

`Hold \textit{your} tongue!'\ cried the Tiger-lily.\  `As if \textit{you}
ever saw anybody! You keep your head under the leaves, and snore away
there, till you know no more what's going on in the world, than if
you were a bud!'

`Are there any more people in the garden besides me?' Alice said,
not choosing to notice the Rose's last remark.

`There's one other flower in the garden that can move about like you,'
said the Rose.\  `I wonder how you do it\mbox{---}' (`You're always
wondering,' said the Tiger-lily), `but she's more bushy than you are.'

`Is she like me?' Alice asked eagerly, for the thought crossed her
mind, `There's another little girl in the garden, somewhere!'

`Well, she has the same awkward shape as you,' the Rose said, `but
she's redder\mbox{---}and her petals are shorter, I think.'

`Her petals are done up close, almost like a dahlia,' the Tiger-lily
interrupted: `not tumbled about anyhow, like yours.'

`But that's not \textit{your} fault,' the Rose added kindly: `you're
beginning to fade, you know\mbox{---}and then one can't help one's
petals getting a little untidy.'

Alice didn't like this idea at all: so, to change the subject, she
asked `Does she ever come out here?'

`I daresay you'll see her soon,' said the Rose.\  `She's one of the
thorny kind.'

`Where does she wear the thorns?' Alice asked with some curiosity.

`Why all round her head, of course,' the Rose replied.\  `I was wondering
\textit{you} hadn't got some too. I thought it was the regular rule.'

`She's coming!' cried the Larkspur.\  `I hear her footstep, thump,
thump, thump, along the gravel-walk!'

Alice looked round eagerly, and found that it was the Red Queen.\ 
`She's grown a good deal!' was her first remark. She had indeed: when
Alice first found her in the ashes, she had been only three inches
high\mbox{---}and here she was, half a head taller than Alice herself!

`It's the fresh air that does it,' said the Rose: `wonderfully fine
air it is, out here.'

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`I think I'll go and meet her,' said Alice, for, though the flowers
were interesting enough, she felt that it would be far grander to
have a talk with a real Queen.

`You can't possibly do that,' said the Rose: `\emph{I} should advise
you to walk the other way.'

This sounded nonsense to Alice, so she said nothing, but set off at
once towards the Red Queen. To her surprise, she lost sight of her
in a moment, and found herself walking in at the front-door again.

A little provoked, she drew back, and after looking everywhere for
the queen (whom she spied out at last, a long way off), she thought
she would try the plan, this time, of walking in the opposite direction.

It succeeded beautifully. She had not been walking a minute before
she found herself face to face with the Red Queen, and full in sight
of the hill she had been so long aiming at.

`Where do you come from?'\ said the Red Queen.\  `And where are
you going? Look up, speak nicely, and don't twiddle your fingers all
the time.'

Alice attended to all these directions, and explained, as well as
she could, that she had lost her way.

`I don't know what you mean by \textit{your} way,' said the Queen:
`all the ways about here belong to \textit{me}---but why did you come
out here at all?'\ she added in a kinder tone.\  `Curtsey while
you're thinking what to say, it saves time.'

Alice wondered a little at this, but she was too much in awe of the
Queen to disbelieve it.\  `I'll try it when I go home,' she thought
to herself.\ `the next time I'm a little late for dinner.'

`It's time for you to answer now,' the Queen said, looking at her
watch: `open your mouth a \textit{little} wider when you speak, and
always say {}``your Majesty.'''

`I only wanted to see what the garden was like, your Majesty\mbox{---}'

`That's right,' said the Queen, patting her on the head, which Alice
didn't like at all, `though, when you say {}``garden,''---\textit{I've}
seen gardens, compared with which this would be a wilderness.'

Alice didn't dare to argue the point, but went on: `\mbox{---}and
I thought I'd try and find my way to the top of that hill\mbox{---}'

`When you say {}``hill,''' the Queen interrupted, `\emph{I} could
show you hills, in comparison with which you'd call that a valley.'

`No, I shouldn't,' said Alice, surprised into contradicting her at
last: `a hill \textit{can't} be a valley, you know. That would be
nonsense\mbox{---}'

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The Red Queen shook her head, `You may call it {}``nonsense'' if
you like,' she said, `but \textit{I've} heard nonsense, compared with
which that would be as sensible as a dictionary!'

Alice curtseyed again, as she was afraid from the Queen's tone that
she was a \textit{little} offended: and they walked on in silence
till they got to the top of the little hill.

For some minutes Alice stood without speaking, looking out in all
directions over the country\mbox{---}and a most curious country it
was. There were a number of tiny little brooks running straight across
it from side to side, and the ground between was divided up into squares
by a number of little green hedges, that reached from brook to brook.

`I declare it's marked out just like a large chessboard!' Alice said
at last.\  `There ought to be some men moving about somewhere\mbox{---}and
so there are!' She added in a tone of delight, and her heart began
to beat quick with excitement as she went on.\  `It's a great huge
game of chess that's being played\mbox{---}all over the world\mbox{---}if
this \textit{is} the world at all, you know. Oh, what fun it is! How
I \textit{wish} I was one of them! I wouldn't mind being a Pawn, if
only I might join\mbox{---}though of course I should \textit{like}
to be a Queen, best.'

She glanced rather shyly at the real Queen as she said this, but her
companion only smiled pleasantly, and said, `That's easily managed.
You can be the White Queen's Pawn, if you like, as Lily's too young
to play; and you're in the Second Square to began with: when you get
to the Eighth Square you'll be a Queen\mbox{---}' Just at this moment,
somehow or other, they began to run.

Alice never could quite make out, in thinking it over afterwards,
how it was that they began: all she remembers is, that they were running
hand in hand, and the Queen went so fast that it was all she could
do to keep up with her: and still the Queen kept crying `Faster! Faster!'
but Alice felt she \textit{could} \textit{not} go faster, though she
had not breath left to say so.

The most curious part of the thing was, that the trees and the other
things round them never changed their places at all: however fast
they went, they never seemed to pass anything.\  `I wonder if all
the things move along with us?' thought poor puzzled Alice. And the
Queen seemed to guess her thoughts, for she cried, `Faster! Don't
try to talk!'

Not that Alice had any idea of doing \textit{that}. She felt as if
she would never be able to talk again, she was getting so much out
of breath: and still the Queen cried `Faster! Faster!' and dragged
her along.\  `Are we nearly there?' Alice managed to pant out at
last.

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`Nearly there!' the Queen repeated.\  `Why, we passed it ten minutes
ago! Faster!' And they ran on for a time in silence, with the wind
whistling in Alice's ears, and almost blowing her hair off her head,
she fancied.

`Now! Now!'\ cried the Queen.\  `Faster! Faster!' And they went
so fast that at last they seemed to skim through the air, hardly touching
the ground with their feet, till suddenly, just as Alice was getting
quite exhausted, they stopped, and she found herself sitting on the
ground, breathless and giddy.

The Queen propped her up against a tree, and said kindly, `You may
rest a little now.'

Alice looked round her in great surprise.\  `Why, I do believe we've
been under this tree the whole time! Everything's just as it was!'

`Of course it is,' said the Queen, `what would you have it?'

`Well, in \textit{our} country,' said Alice, still panting a little,
`you'd generally get to somewhere else\mbox{---}if you ran very fast
for a long time, as we've been doing.'

`A slow sort of country!'\ said the Queen.\  `Now, \textit{here},
you see, it takes all the running \textit{you} can do, to keep in
the same place. If you want to get somewhere else, you must run at
least twice as fast as that!'

`I'd rather not try, please!' said Alice.\  `I'm quite content to
stay here\mbox{---}only I \textit{am} so hot and thirsty!'

`I know what \textit{you'd} like!'\ the Queen said good-naturedly,
taking a little box out of her pocket.\  `Have a biscuit?'

Alice thought it would not be civil to say `No,' though it wasn't
at all what she wanted. So she took it, and ate it as well as she
could: and it was \textit{very} dry; and she thought she had never
been so nearly choked in all her life.

`While you're refreshing yourself,' said the Queen, `I'll just take
the measurements.' And she took a ribbon out of her pocket, marked
in inches, and began measuring the ground, and sticking little pegs
in here and there.

`At the end of two yards,' she said, putting in a peg to mark the
distance, `I shall give you your directions\mbox{---}have another
biscuit?'

`No, thank you,' said Alice,: `one's \textit{quite} enough!'

`Thirst quenched, I hope?' said the Queen.

Alice did not know what to say to this, but luckily the Queen did
not wait for an answer, but went on.\  `At the end of \textit{three}
yards I shall repeat them\mbox{---}for fear of your forgetting them.
At then end of \textit{four}, I shall say good-bye. And at then end
of five, I shall go!'

She had got all the pegs put in by this time, and Alice looked on
with great interest as she returned to the tree, and then began slowly
walking down the row.

At the two-yard peg she faced round, and said, `A pawn goes two squares
in its first move, you know. So you'll go \textit{very} quickly through
the Third Square\mbox{---}by railway, I should think\mbox{---}and
you'll find yourself in the Fourth Square in no time. Well, \textit{that}
square belongs to Tweedledum and Tweedledee\mbox{---}the Fifth is
mostly water\mbox{---}the Sixth belongs to Humpty Dumpty\mbox{---}But
you make no remark?'

`I\mbox{---}I didn't know I had to make one\mbox{---}just then,'
Alice faltered out.

`You \textit{should} have said,' `{}``It's extremely kind of you
to tell me all this''---however, we'll suppose it said\mbox{---}the
Seventh Square is all forest\mbox{---}however, one of the Knights
will show you the way\mbox{---}and in the Eighth Square we shall
be Queens together, and it's all feasting and fun!' Alice got up and
curtseyed, and sat down again.

At the next peg the Queen turned again, and this time she said, `Speak
in French when you can't think of the English for a thing\mbox{---}turn
out your toes as you walk\mbox{---}and remember who you are!' She
did not wait for Alice to curtsey this time, but walked on quickly
to the next peg, where she turned for a moment to say `good-bye,'
and then hurried on to the last.

How it happened, Alice never knew, but exactly as she came to the
last peg, she was gone. Whether she vanished into the air, or whether
she ran quickly into the wood (`and she \textit{can} run very fast!'
thought Alice), there was no way of guessing, but she was gone, and
Alice began to remember that she was a Pawn, and that it would soon
be time for her to move.


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER III. Looking-Glass Insects}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER III. Looking-Glass Insects}

\markboth{Through the Looking-Glass}{Looking-Glass Insects}

Of course the first thing to do was to make a grand survey of the
country she was going to travel through.\  `It's something very like
learning geography,' thought Alice, as she stood on tiptoe in hopes
of being able to see a little further. `Principal rivers\mbox{---}there
\textit{are} none. Principal mountains\mbox{---}I'm on the only one,
but I don't think it's got any name. Principal towns\mbox{---}why,
what \textit{are} those creatures, making honey down there? They can't
be bees\mbox{---}nobody ever saw bees a mile off, you know\mbox{---}'
and for some time she stood silent, watching one of them that was
bustling about among the flowers, poking its proboscis into them,
`just as if it was a regular bee,' thought Alice.

However, this was anything but a regular bee: in fact it was an elephant\mbox{---}as
Alice soon found out, though the idea quite took her breath away at
first.\  `And what enormous flowers they must be!'\ was her next
idea.\  `Something like cottages with the roofs taken off, and stalks
put to them\mbox{---}and what quantities of honey they must make!
I think I'll go down and\mbox{---}no, I won't \textit{just} yet,'\ she
went on, checking herself just as she was beginning to run down the
hill, and trying to find some excuse for turning shy so suddenly.\ 
`It'll never do to go down among them without a good long branch to
brush them away\mbox{---}and what fun it'll be when they ask me how
I like my walk. I shall say\mbox{---}{}``Oh, I like it well enough\mbox{---}'''
(here came the favourite little toss of the head), `{}``only it was
so dusty and hot, and the elephants did tease so!'''

`I think I'll go down the other way,' she said after a pause: `and
perhaps I may visit the elephants later on. Besides, I do so want
to get into the Third Square!'

So with this excuse she ran down the hill and jumped over the first
of the six little brooks.

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`Tickets, please!' said the Guard, putting his head in at the window.
In a moment everybody was holding out a ticket: they were about the
same size as the people, and quite seemed to fill the carriage.

`Now then! Show your ticket, child!'\ the Guard went on, looking
angrily at Alice. And a great many voices all said together (`like
the chorus of a song,' thought Alice), `Don't keep him waiting, child!
Why, his time is worth a thousand pounds a minute!'

`I'm afraid I haven't got one,' Alice said in a frightened tone: `there
wasn't a ticket-office where I came from.' And again the chorus of
voices went on.\  `There wasn't room for one where she came from.
The land there is worth a thousand pounds an inch!'

`Don't make excuses,' said the Guard: `you should have bought one
from the engine-driver.' And once more the chorus of voices went on
with `The man that drives the engine. Why, the smoke alone is worth
a thousand pounds a puff!'

Alice thought to herself, `Then there's no use in speaking.' The voices
didn't join in this time, as she hadn't spoken, but to her great surprise,
they all \textit{thought} in chorus (I hope you understand what \textit{thinking}
\textit{in} \textit{chorus} means\mbox{---}for I must confess that
\textit{I} don't), `Better say nothing at all. Language is worth a
thousand pounds a word!'

`I shall dream about a thousand pounds tonight, I know I shall!' thought
Alice.

All this time the Guard was looking at her, first through a telescope,
then through a microscope, and then through an opera-glass. At last
he said, `You're travelling the wrong way,' and shut up the window
and went away.

`So young a child,' said the gentleman sitting opposite to her (he
was dressed in white paper), `ought to know which way she's going,
even if she doesn't know her own name!'

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A Goat, that was sitting next to the gentleman in white, shut his
eyes and said in a loud voice, `She ought to know her way to the ticket-office,
even if she doesn't know her alphabet!'

There was a Beetle sitting next to the Goat (it was a very queer carriage-full
of passengers altogether), and, as the rule seemed to be that they
should all speak in turn, \textit{he} went on with `She'll have to
go back from here as luggage!'

Alice couldn't see who was sitting beyond the Beetle, but a hoarse
voice spoke next.\  `Change engines\mbox{---}' it said, and was
obliged to leave off.

`It sounds like a horse,' Alice thought to herself. And an extremely
small voice, close to her ear, said, `You might make a joke on that\mbox{---}something
about {}``horse'' and {}``hoarse,'' you know.'

Then a very gentle voice in the distance said, `She must be labelled
{}``Lass, with care,'' you know\mbox{---}'

And after that other voices went on (`What a number of people there
are in the carriage!' thought Alice), saying, `She must go by post,
as she's got a head on her\mbox{---}' `She must be sent as a message
by the telegraph\mbox{---}' `She must draw the train herself the
rest of the way\mbox{---}' and so on.

But the gentleman dressed in white paper leaned forwards and whispered
in her ear, `Never mind what they all say, my dear, but take a return-ticket
every time the train stops.'

`Indeed I shan't!'\ Alice said rather impatiently.\  `I don't belong
to this railway journey at all\mbox{---}I was in a wood just now\mbox{---}and
I wish I could get back there.'

`You might make a joke on \textit{that},' said the little voice close
to her ear: `something about {}``you \textit{would} if you could,''
you know.'

`Don't tease so,' said Alice, looking about in vain to see where the
voice came from; `if you're so anxious to have a joke made, why don't
you make one yourself?'

The little voice sighed deeply: it was \textit{very} unhappy, evidently,
and Alice would have said something pitying to comfort it, `If it
would only sigh like other people!' she thought. But this was such
a wonderfully small sigh, that she wouldn't have heard it at all,
if it hadn't come \textit{quite} close to her ear. The consequence
of this was that it tickled her ear very much, and quite took off
her thoughts from the unhappiness of the poor little creature.

`I know you are a friend,' the little voice went on; `a dear friend,
and an old friend. And you won't hurt me, though I \textit{am} an
insect.'

`What kind of insect?' Alice inquired a little anxiously. What she
really wanted to know was, whether it could sting or not, but she
thought this wouldn't be quite a civil question to ask.

`What, then you don't\mbox{---}' the little voice began, when it
was drowned by a shrill scream from the engine, and everybody jumped
up in alarm, Alice among the rest.

The Horse, who had put his head out of the window, quietly drew it
in and said, `It's only a brook we have to jump over.' Everybody seemed
satisfied with this, though Alice felt a little nervous at the idea
of trains jumping at all.\  `However, it'll take us into the Fourth
Square, that's some comfort!' she said to herself. In another moment
she felt the carriage rise straight up into the air, and in her fright
she caught at the thing nearest to her hand.\ which happened to be
the Goat's beard.

\begin{center}{\Large {*} {*} {*} {*} {*} {*} {*}}\end{center}{\Large \par}

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But the beard seemed to melt away as she touched it, and she found
herself sitting quietly under a tree\mbox{---}while the Gnat (for
that was the insect she had been talking to) was balancing itself
on a twig just over her head, and fanning her with its wings.

It certainly was a \textit{very} large Gnat: `about the size of a
chicken,' Alice thought. Still, she couldn't feel nervous with it,
after they had been talking together so long.

`\mbox{---}then you don't like all insects?' the Gnat went on, as
quietly as if nothing had happened.

`I like them when they can talk,' Alice said.\  `None of them ever
talk, where \textit{I} come from.'

`What sort of insects do you rejoice in, where \textit{you} come from?'
the Gnat inquired.

`I don't \textit{rejoice} in insects at all,' Alice explained, `because
I'm rather afraid of them\mbox{---}at least the large kinds. But
I can tell you the names of some of them.'

`Of course they answer to their names?' the Gnat remarked carelessly.

`I never knew them do it.'

`What's the use of their having names the Gnat said, `if they won't
answer to them?'

`No use to \textit{them},' said Alice; `but it's useful to the people
who name them, I suppose. If not, why do things have names at all?'

`I can't say,' the Gnat replied.\  `Further on, in the wood down
there, they've got no names\mbox{---}however, go on with your list
of insects: you're wasting time.'

`Well, there's the Horse-fly,' Alice began, counting off the names
on her fingers.

`All right,' said the Gnat: `half way up that bush, you'll see a Rocking-horse-fly,
if you look. It's made entirely of wood, and gets about by swinging
itself from branch to branch.'

`What does it live on?'\ Alice asked, with great curiosity.

`Sap and sawdust,' said the Gnat.\  `Go on with the list.'

Alice looked up at the Rocking-horse-fly with great interest, and
made up her mind that it must have been just repainted, it looked
so bright and sticky; and then she went on.

`And there's the Dragon-fly.'

`Look on the branch above your head,' said the Gnat, `and there you'll
find a snap-dragon-fly. Its body is made of plum-pudding, its wings
of holly-leaves, and its head is a raisin burning in brandy.'

`And what does it live on?'

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`Frumenty and mince pie,'\ the Gnat replied; `and it makes its nest
in a Christmas box.'

`And then there's the Butterfly,' Alice went on, after she had taken
a good look at the insect with its head on fire, and had thought to
herself, `I wonder if that's the reason insects are so fond of flying
into candles\mbox{---}because they want to turn into Snap-dragon-flies!'

`Crawling at your feet,' said the Gnat (Alice drew her feet back in
some alarm), `you may observe a Bread-and-Butterfly. Its wings are
thin slices of Bread-and-butter, its body is a crust, and its head
is a lump of sugar.'

`And what does \textit{it} live on?'

`Weak tea with cream in it.'

A new difficulty came into Alice's head.\  `Supposing it couldn't
find any?'\ she suggested.

`Then it would die, of course.'

`But that must happen very often,' Alice remarked thoughtfully.

`It always happens,' said the Gnat.

After this, Alice was silent for a minute or two, pondering. The Gnat
amused itself meanwhile by humming round and round her head: at last
it settled again and remarked, `I suppose you don't want to lose your
name?'

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`No, indeed,' Alice said, a little anxiously.

`And yet I don't know,' the Gnat went on in a careless tone: `only
think how convenient it would be if you could manage to go home without
it! For instance, if the governess wanted to call you to your lessons,
she would call out {}``come here\mbox{---},'' and there she would
have to leave off, because there wouldn't be any name for her to call,
and of course you wouldn't have to go, you know.'

`That would never do, I'm sure,' said Alice: `the governess would
never think of excusing me lessons for that. If she couldn't remember
my name, she'd call me {}``Miss!'' as the servants do.'

`Well, if she said {}``Miss,'' and didn't say anything more,' the
Gnat remarked, `of course you'd miss your lessons. That's a joke.
I wish \textit{you} had made it.'

`Why do you wish \textit{I} had made it?'\ Alice asked.\  `It's
a very bad one.'

But the Gnat only sighed deeply, while two large tears came rolling
down its cheeks.

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`You shouldn't make jokes,' Alice said, `if it makes you so unhappy.'

Then came another of those melancholy little sighs, and this time
the poor Gnat really seemed to have sighed itself away, for, when
Alice looked up, there was nothing whatever to be seen on the twig,
and, as she was getting quite chilly with sitting still so long, she
got up and walked on.

She very soon came to an open field, with a wood on the other side
of it: it looked much darker than the last wood, and Alice felt a
\textit{little} timid about going into it. However, on second thoughts,
she made up her mind to go on: `for I certainly won't go \textit{back},'
she thought to herself, and this was the only way to the Eighth Square.

`This must be the wood, she said thoughtfully to herself, `where things
have no names. I wonder what'll become of \textit{my} name when I
go in? I shouldn't like to lose it at all\mbox{---}because they'd
have to give me another, and it would be almost certain to be an ugly
one. But then the fun would be trying to find the creature that had
got my old name! That's just like the advertisements, you know, when
people lose dogs\mbox{---}{}``\textit{Answers} \textit{to} \textit{the}
\textit{name} \textit{of} `\textit{Dash}:' \textit{Had} \textit{on}
\textit{a brass} \textit{collar}''---just fancy calling everything
you met {}``Alice,'' till one of them answered! Only they wouldn't
answer at all, if they were wise.'

She was rambling on in this way when she reached the wood: it looked
very cool and shady.\  `Well, at any rate it's a great comfort,'
she said as she stepped under the trees, `after being so hot, to get
into the\mbox{---}into \textit{what}?' she went on, rather surprised
at not being able to think of the word.\  `I mean to get under the\mbox{---}under
the\mbox{---}under \textit{this}, you know!' putting her hand on
the trunk of the tree.\  `What \textit{does} it call itself, I wonder?
I do believe it's got no name\mbox{---}why, to be sure it hasn't!'

She stood silent for a minute, thinking: then she suddenly began again.\ 
`Then it really \textit{has} happened, after all! And now, who am
I? I \textit{will} remember, if I can! I'm determined to do it!' But
being determined didn't help much, and all she could say, after a
great deal of puzzling, was, `L, I \textit{know} it begins with L!'

Just then a Fawn came wandering by: it looked at Alice with its large
gentle eyes, but didn't seem at all frightened.\  `Here then! Here
then!' Alice said, as she held out her hand and tried to stroke it;
but it only started back a little, and then stood looking at her again.

`What do you call yourself?' the Fawn said at last. Such a soft sweet
voice it had!

`I wish I knew!'\ thought poor Alice. She answered, rather sadly,
`Nothing, just now.'

`Think again,' it said: `that won't do.'

Alice thought, but nothing came of it.\  `Please, would you tell
me what \textit{you} call yourself?' she said timidly.\  `I think
that might help a little.'

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`I'll tell you, if you'll move a little further on,' the Fawn said.
`I can't remember here.'

So they walked on together though the wood, Alice with her arms clasped
lovingly round the soft neck of the Fawn, till they came out into
another open field, and here the Fawn gave a sudden bound into the
air, and shook itself free from Alice's arms. `I'm a Fawn!' it cried
out in a voice of delight, `and, dear me! you're a human child!' A
sudden look of alarm came into its beautiful brown eyes, and in another
moment it had darted away at full speed.

Alice stood looking after it, almost ready to cry with vexation at
having lost her dear little fellow-traveller so suddenly. `However,
I know my name now.' she said, `that's \textit{some} comfort. Alice\mbox{---}Alice\mbox{---}I
won't forget it again. And now, which of these finger-posts ought
I to follow, I wonder?'

It was not a very difficult question to answer, as there was only
one road through the wood, and the two finger-posts both pointed along
it.\  `I'll settle it,' Alice said to herself, `when the road divides
and they point different ways.'

But this did not seem likely to happen. She went on and on, a long
way, but wherever the road divided there were sure to be two finger-posts
pointing the same way, one marked `\textit{\emph{\noun{To}}} \noun{Tweedledum's}
\textit{\emph{\noun{House}}}' and the other `\textit{\emph{\noun{To}}}
\emph{\noun{}}\textit{\emph{\noun{the}}} \emph{\noun{}}\textit{\emph{\noun{House}}}
\emph{\noun{}}\textit{\emph{\noun{of}}} \emph{\noun{}}\textit{\emph{\noun{Tweedledee}}}.'

`I do believe,' said Alice at last, `that they live in the same house!
I wonder I never thought of that before\mbox{---}But I can't stay
there long. I'll just call and say {}``how d'you do?'' and ask them
the way out of the wood. If I could only get to the Eighth Square
before it gets dark!' So she wandered on, talking to herself as she
went, till, on turning a sharp corner, she came upon two fat little
men, so suddenly that she could not help starting back, but in another
moment she recovered herself, feeling sure that they must be


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER IV. Tweedledum and Tweedledee}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER IV. Tweedledum and Tweedledee}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{Tweedledum and Tweedledee}

They were standing under a tree, each with an arm round the other's
neck, and Alice knew which was which in a moment, because one of them
had `\textit{dum}' embroidered on his collar, and the other \emph{`dee}.'
`I suppose they've each got {}``\textit{Tweedle}'' round at the
back of the collar,' she said to herself.

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They stood so still that she quite forgot they were alive, and she
was just looking round to see if the word {}``\textit{Tweedle}''
was written at the back of each collar, when she was startled by a
voice coming from the one marked `\textit{dum}.'

`If you think we're wax-works,' he said, `you ought to pay, you know.
Wax-works weren't made to be looked at for nothing, nohow!'

`Contrariwise,' added the one marked `\textit{dee},' `if you think
we're alive, you ought to speak.'

`I'm sure I'm very sorry,' was all Alice could say; for the words
of the old song kept ringing through her head like the ticking of
a clock, and she could hardly help saying them out loud:\mbox{---}

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \small

`Tweedledum and Tweedledee \\

\ \ Agreed to have a battle; \\

For Tweedledum said Tweedledee \\

\ \ Had spoiled his nice new rattle.



Just then flew down a monstrous crow, \\

\ \ As black as a tar-barrel; \\

Which frightened both the heroes so, \\

\ \ They quite forgot their quarrel.'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`I know what you're thinking about,' said Tweedledum: `but it isn't
so, nohow.'

`Contrariwise,' continued Tweedledee, `if it was so, it might be;
and if it were so, it would be; but as it isn't, it ain't. That's
logic.'

`I was thinking,' Alice said very politely, `which is the best way
out of this wood: it's getting so dark. Would you tell me, please?'

But the little men only looked at each other and grinned.

They looked so exactly like a couple of great schoolboys, that Alice
couldn't help pointing her finger at Tweedledum, and saying `First
Boy!'

`Nohow!'\ Tweedledum cried out briskly, and shut his mouth up again
with a snap.

`Next Boy!'\ said Alice, passing on to Tweedledee, though she felt
quite certain he would only shout out `Contrariwise!'\ and so he
did.

`You've been wrong!'\ cried Tweedledum.\  `The first thing in a
visit is to say {}``How d'ye do?''\ and shake hands!' And here
the two brothers gave each other a hug, and then they held out the
two hands that were free, to shake hands with her.

Alice did not like shaking hands with either of them first, for fear
of hurting the other one's feelings; so, as the best way out of the
difficulty, she took hold of both hands at once: the next moment they
were dancing round in a ring. This seemed quite natural (she remembered
afterwards), and she was not even surprised to hear music playing:
it seemed to come from the tree under which they were dancing, and
it was done (as well as she could make it out) by the branches rubbing
one across the other, like fiddles and fiddle-sticks.

`But it certainly \textit{was} funny,' (Alice said afterwards, when
she was telling her sister the history of all this,) `to find myself
singing {}``\textit{Here} \textit{We} \textit{Go} \textit{Round}
\textit{the} \textit{Mulberry} \textit{Bush}.'' I don't know when
I began it, but somehow I felt as if I'd been singing it a long long
time!'

The other two dancers were fat, and very soon out of breath. `Four
times round is enough for one dance,' Tweedledum panted out, and they
left off dancing as suddenly as they had begun: the music stopped
at the same moment.

Then they let go of Alice's hands, and stood looking at her for a
minute: there was a rather awkward pause, as Alice didn't know how
to begin a conversation with people she had just been dancing with.\ 
`It would never do to say {}``How d'ye do?''\ \textit{now},' she
said to herself: `we seem to have got beyond that, somehow!'

`I hope you're not much tired?' she said at last.

`Nohow. And thank you \textit{very} much for asking,' said Tweedledum.

`So much obliged!' added Tweedledee.\  `You like poetry?'

`Ye-es.\ pretty well\mbox{---}\textit{some} poetry,' Alice said
doubtfully. `Would you tell me which road leads out of the wood?'

`What shall I repeat to her?'\ said Tweedledee, looking round at
Tweedledum with great solemn eyes, and not noticing Alice's question.

`{}``\emph{The Walrus and the Carpenter}'' is the longest,' Tweedledum
replied, giving his brother an affectionate hug.

Tweedledee began instantly:

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \small

`The sun was shining---'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

Here Alice ventured to interrupt him.\  `If it's \textit{very} long,'
she said, as politely as she could, `would you please tell me first
which road\mbox{---}'

Tweedledee smiled gently, and began again:

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \small

`The sun was shining on the sea, \\*

\ \ Shining with all his might: \\*

He did his very best to make \\*

\ \ The billows smooth and bright--- \\*

And this was odd, because it was \\*

\ \ The middle of the night.



The moon was shining sulkily, \\*

\ \ Because she thought the sun \\*

Had got no business to be there \\*

\ \ After the day was done--- \\*

It's very rude of him, she said, \\*

\ \ To come and spoil the fun! 



The sea was wet as wet could be, \\*

\ \ The sands were dry as dry. \\*

You could not see a cloud, because \\*

\ \ No cloud was in the sky: \\*

No birds were flying over head--- \\*

\ \ There were no birds to fly. 



The Walrus and the Carpenter \\*

\ \ Were walking close at hand; \\*

They wept like anything to see \\*

\ \ Such quantities of sand: \\*

If this were only cleared away, \\*

\ \ They said, it \textit{would} be grand!



If seven maids with seven mops \\*

\ \ Swept it for half a year, \\*

Do you suppose, the Walrus said, \\*

\ \ That they could get it clear? \\*

I doubt it, said the Carpenter, \\*

\ \ And shed a bitter tear.

\end{verse}

\ 

\begin{center}

\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{lglass17-CarGla20} 

\end{center}



\begin{verse} \small

O Oysters, come and walk with us! \\*

\ \ The Walrus did beseech. \\*

A pleasant walk, a pleasant talk, \\*

\ \ Along the briny beach: \\*

We cannot do with more than four, \\*

\ \ To give a hand to each.



The eldest Oyster looked at him. \\*

\ \ But never a word he said: \\*

The eldest Oyster winked his eye, \\*

\ \ And shook his heavy head--- \\*

Meaning to say he did not choose \\*

\ \ To leave the oyster-bed.



But four young oysters hurried up, \\*

\ \ All eager for the treat: \\*

\mbox{Their coats were brushed, their faces washed,} \\*

\ \ Their shoes were clean and neat--- \\*

And this was odd, because, you know, \\*

\ \ They hadn't any feet.



Four other Oysters followed them, \\*

\ \ And yet another four; \\*

And thick and fast they came at last, \\*

\ \ And more, and more, and more--- \\*

All hopping through the frothy waves, \\*

\ \ And scrambling to the shore.



The Walrus and the Carpenter \\*

\ \ Walked on a mile or so, \\*

And then they rested on a rock \\*

\ \ Conveniently low: \\*

And all the little Oysters stood \\*

\ \ And waited in a row.

\end{verse}

\ 

\begin{center}

\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{lglass17-CarGla21} 

\end{center}



\begin{verse} \small

The time has come, the Walrus said, \\*

\ \ To talk of many things: \\*

\mbox{Of shoes---and ships---and sealing-wax---} \\*

\ \ Of cabbages---and kings--- \\*

And why the sea is boiling hot--- \\*

\ \ And whether pigs have wings.



But wait a bit, the Oysters cried, \\*

\ \ Before we have our chat; \\*

For some of us are out of breath, \\*

\ \ And all of us are fat! \\*

No hurry! said the Carpenter. \\*

\ \ They thanked him much for that.



A loaf of bread, the Walrus said, \\*

\ \ Is what we chiefly need: \\*

Pepper and vinegar besides \\*

\ \ Are very good indeed--- \\*

Now if you're ready Oysters dear, \\*

\ \ We can begin to feed.



But not on us! the Oysters cried, \\*

\ \ Turning a little blue, \\*

After such kindness, that would be \\*

\ \ A dismal thing to do! \\*

The night is fine, the Walrus said \\*

\ \ Do you admire the view?



It was so kind of you to come! \\*

\ \ And you are very nice! \\*

The Carpenter said nothing but \\*

\ \ Cut us another slice: \\*

I wish you were not quite so deaf--- \\*

\ \ I've had to ask you twice!



It seems a shame, the Walrus said, \\*

\ \ To play them such a trick, \\*

After we've brought them out so far, \\*

\ \ And made them trot so quick! \\*

The Carpenter said nothing but \\*

\ \ The butter's spread too thick!



I weep for you, the Walrus said. \\*

\ \ I deeply sympathize. \\*

With sobs and tears he sorted out \\*

\ \ Those of the largest size. \\*

Holding his pocket handkerchief \\*

\ \ Before his streaming eyes.

\end{verse}

\ 

\begin{center}

\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{lglass17-CarGla22} 

\end{center}



\begin{verse} \small

O Oysters, said the Carpenter. \\*

\ \ You've had a pleasant run! \\*

Shall we be trotting home again? \\*

\ \ But answer came there none--- \\*

And that was scarcely odd, because \\*

\ \ They'd eaten every one.'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`I like the Walrus best,' said Alice: `because you see he was a little
sorry for the poor oysters.'

`He ate more than the Carpenter, though,' said Tweedledee. `You see
he held his handkerchief in front, so that the Carpenter couldn't
count how many he took: contrariwise.'

`That was mean!'\ Alice said indignantly.\  `Then I like the Carpenter
best\mbox{---}if he didn't eat so many as the Walrus.'

`But he ate as many as he could get,' said Tweedledum.

This was a puzzler. After a pause, Alice began, `Well! They were \textit{both}
very unpleasant characters\mbox{---}' Here she checked herself in
some alarm, at hearing something that sounded to her like the puffing
of a large steam-engine in the wood near them, though she feared it
was more likely to be a wild beast. `Are there any lions or tigers
about here?' she asked timidly.

`It's only the Red King snoring,' said Tweedledee.

`Come and look at him!' the brothers cried, and they each took one
of Alice's hands, and led her up to where the King was sleeping.

`Isn't he a \textit{lovely} sight?' said Tweedledum.

Alice couldn't say honestly that he was. He had a tall red night-cap
on, with a tassel, and he was lying crumpled up into a sort of untidy
heap, and snoring loud\mbox{---}`fit to snore his head off!' as Tweedledum
remarked.

`I'm afraid he'll catch cold with lying on the damp grass,' said Alice,
who was a very thoughtful little girl.

`He's dreaming now,' said Tweedledee: `and what do you think he's
dreaming about?'

Alice said `Nobody can guess that.'

`Why, about \textit{you}!'\ Tweedledee exclaimed, clapping his hands
triumphantly.\  `And if he left off dreaming about you, where do
you suppose you'd be?'

`Where I am now, of course,' said Alice.

`Not you!'\ Tweedledee retorted contemptuously.\  `You'd be nowhere.
Why, you're only a sort of thing in his dream!'

`If that there King was to wake,' added Tweedledum, `you'd go out\mbox{---}bang!\mbox{---}just
like a candle!'

`I shouldn't!'\ Alice exclaimed indignantly.\  `Besides, if \textit{I'm}
only a sort of thing in his dream, what are \textit{you}, I should
like to know?'

`Ditto' said Tweedledum.

`Ditto, ditto' cried Tweedledee.

He shouted this so loud that Alice couldn't help saying, `Hush! You'll
be waking him, I'm afraid, if you make so much noise.'

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`Well, it no use \textit{your} talking about waking him,' said Tweedledum,
`when you're only one of the things in his dream. You know very well
you're not real.'

`I am real!' said Alice and began to cry.

`You won't make yourself a bit realler by crying,' Tweedledee remarked:
`there's nothing to cry about.'

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`If I wasn't real,' Alice said\mbox{---}half-laughing though her
tears, it all seemed so ridiculous\mbox{---}`I shouldn't be able
to cry.'

`I hope you don't suppose those are real tears?' Tweedledum interrupted
in a tone of great contempt.

`I know they're talking nonsense,' Alice thought to herself: `and
it's foolish to cry about it.' So she brushed away her tears, and
went on as cheerfully as she could.\  `At any rate I'd better be
getting out of the wood, for really it's coming on very dark. Do you
think it's going to rain?'

Tweedledum spread a large umbrella over himself and his brother, and
looked up into it.\  `No, I don't think it is,' he said: `at least\mbox{---}not
under \textit{here}. Nohow.'

`But it may rain \textit{outside}?'

`It may\mbox{---}if it chooses,' said Tweedledee: `we've no objection.
Contrariwise.'

`Selfish things!' thought Alice, and she was just going to say `Good-night'
and leave them, when Tweedledum sprang out from under the umbrella
and seized her by the wrist.

`Do you see \textit{that}?' he said, in a voice choking with passion,
and his eyes grew large and yellow all in a moment, as he pointed
with a trembling finger at a small white thing lying under the tree.

`It's only a rattle,' Alice said, after a careful examination of the
little white thing.\  `Not a rattle\emph{snake}, you know,' she added
hastily, thinking that he was frightened: `only an old rattle\mbox{---}quite
old and broken.'

`I knew it was!'\ cried Tweedledum, beginning to stamp about wildly
and tear his hair.\  `It's spoilt, of course!' Here he looked at
Tweedledee, who immediately sat down on the ground, and tried to hide
himself under the umbrella.

Alice laid her hand upon his arm, and said in a soothing tone, `You
needn't be so angry about an old rattle.'

`But it isn't old!'\ Tweedledum cried, in a greater fury than ever.\ 
`It's new, I tell you\mbox{---}I bought it yesterday\mbox{---}my
nice \emph{new} \textit{rattle}!' and his voice rose to a perfect
scream.

All this time Tweedledee was trying his best to fold up the umbrella,
with himself in it: which was such an extraordinary thing to do, that
it quite took off Alice's attention from the angry brother. But he
couldn't quite succeed, and it ended in his rolling over, bundled
up in the umbrella, with only his head out: and there he lay, opening
and shutting his mouth and his large eyes\mbox{---}`looking more
like a fish than anything else,' Alice thought.

`Of course you agree to have a battle?' Tweedledum said in a calmer
tone.

`I suppose so,' the other sulkily replied, as he crawled out of the
umbrella: `only \textit{she} must help us to dress up, you know.'

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So the two brothers went off hand-in-hand into the wood, and returned
in a minute with their arms full of things\mbox{---}such as bolsters,
blankets, hearth-rugs, table-cloths, dish-covers and coal-scuttles.\ 
`I hope you're a good hand at pinning and tying strings?' Tweedledum
remarked.\  `Every one of these things has got to go on, somehow
or other.'

Alice said afterwards she had never seen such a fuss made about anything
in all her life\mbox{---}the way those two bustled about\mbox{---}and
the quantity of things they put on\mbox{---}and the trouble they
gave her in tying strings and fastening buttons\mbox{---}`Really
they'll be more like bundles of old clothes that anything else, by
the time they're ready!' she said to herself, as she arranged a bolster
round the neck of Tweedledee, `to keep his head from being cut off,'
as he said.

`You know,' he added very gravely, `it's one of the most serious things
that can possibly happen to one in a battle\mbox{---}to get one's
head cut off.'

Alice laughed aloud: but she managed to turn it into a cough, for
fear of hurting his feelings.

`Do I look very pale?'\ said Tweedledum, coming up to have his helmet
tied on.\  (He \textit{called} it a helmet, though it certainly looked
much more like a saucepan.)

`Well\mbox{---}yes\mbox{---}a \textit{little},' Alice replied gently.

`I'm very brave generally,' he went on in a low voice: `only to-day
I happen to have a headache.'

`And \textit{I've} got a toothache!' said Tweedledee, who had overheard
the remark.\  `I'm far worse off than you!'

`Then you'd better not fight to-day,' said Alice, thinking it a good
opportunity to make peace.

`We \textit{must} have a bit of a fight, but I don't care about going
on long,' said Tweedledum.\  `What's the time now?'

Tweedledee looked at his watch, and said `Half-past four.'

`Let's fight till six, and then have dinner,' said Tweedledum.

`Very well,' the other said, rather sadly: `and \textit{she} can watch
us\mbox{---}only you'd better not come \textit{very} close,' he added:
`I generally hit everything I can see\mbox{---}when I get really
excited.'

`And \textit{I} hit everything within reach,' cried Tweedledum, `whether
I can see it or not!'

Alice laughed.\  `You must hit the \textit{trees} pretty often, I
should think,' she said.

Tweedledum looked round him with a satisfied smile.\  `I don't suppose,'
he said, `there'll be a tree left standing, for ever so far round,
by the time we've finished!'

`And all about a rattle!' said Alice, still hoping to make them a
little ashamed of fighting for such a trifle.

`I shouldn't have minded it so much,' said Tweedledum, `if it hadn't
been a new one.'

`I wish the monstrous crow would come!' though Alice.

`There's only one sword, you know,' Tweedledum said to his brother:
`but you can have the umbrella\mbox{---}it's quite as sharp. Only
we must begin quick. It's getting as dark as it can.'

`And darker,' said Tweedledee.

It was getting dark so suddenly that Alice thought there must be a
thunderstorm coming on.\  `What a thick black cloud that is!' she
said.\  `And how fast it comes! Why, I do believe it's got wings!'

`It's the crow!'\ Tweedledum cried out in a shrill voice of alarm:
and the two brothers took to their heels and were out of sight in
a moment.

Alice ran a little way into the wood, and stopped under a large tree.\ 
`It can never get at me \textit{here},' she thought: `it's far too
large to squeeze itself in among the trees. But I wish it wouldn't
flap its wings so\mbox{---}it makes quite a hurricane in the wood\mbox{---}here's
somebody's shawl being blown away!'


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER V. Wool and Water}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER V. Wool and Water}

\markboth{Through the Looking-Glass}{Wool and Water}

She caught the shawl as she spoke, and looked about for the owner:
in another moment the White Queen came running wildly through the
wood, with both arms stretched out wide, as if she were flying, and
Alice very civilly went to meet her with the shawl.

`I'm very glad I happened to be in the way,' Alice said, as she helped
her to put on her shawl again.

The White Queen only looked at her in a helpless frightened sort of
way, and kept repeating something in a whisper to herself that sounded
like `bread-and-butter, bread-and-butter,' and Alice felt that if
there was to be any conversation at all, she must manage it herself.
So she began rather timidly: `Am I addressing the White Queen?'

`Well, yes, if you call that a-dressing,' The Queen said.\  `It isn't
\textit{my} notion of the thing, at all.'

Alice thought it would never do to have an argument at the very beginning
of their conversation, so she smiled and said, `If your Majesty will
only tell me the right way to begin, I'll do it as well as I can.'

`But I don't want it done at all!' groaned the poor Queen. `I've been
a-dressing myself for the last two hours.'

It would have been all the better, as it seemed to Alice, if she had
got some one else to dress her, she was so dreadfully untidy.\  `Every
single thing's crooked,' Alice thought to herself, `and she's all
over pins!\mbox{---}may I put your shawl straight for you?' she added
aloud.

`I don't know what's the matter with it!' the Queen said, in a melancholy
voice.\  `It's out of temper, I think. I've pinned it here, and I've
pinned it there, but there's no pleasing it!'

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`It \textit{can't} go straight, you know, if you pin it all on one
side,' Alice said, as she gently put it right for her; `and, dear
me, what a state your hair is in!'

`The brush has got entangled in it!'\ the Queen said with a sigh.\ 
`And I lost the comb yesterday.'

Alice carefully released the brush, and did her best to get the hair
into order.\  `Come, you look rather better now!' she said, after
altering most of the pins.\  `But really you should have a lady's
maid!'

`I'm sure I'll take you with pleasure!'\ the Queen said. `Twopence
a week, and jam every other day.'

Alice couldn't help laughing, as she said, `I don't want you to hire
\textit{me}---and I don't care for jam.'

`It's very good jam,' said the Queen.

`Well, I don't want any \textit{to}-\textit{day}, at any rate.'

`You couldn't have it if you \textit{did} want it,' the Queen said.
`The rule is, jam to-morrow and jam yesterday\mbox{---}but never
jam to-day.'

`It \textit{must} come sometimes to {}``jam to-day,''' Alice objected.

`No, it can't,' said the Queen.\  `It's jam every \textit{other}
day: to-day isn't any \textit{other} day, you know.'

`I don't understand you,' said Alice.\  `It's dreadfully confusing!'

`That's the effect of living backwards,' the Queen said kindly: `it
always makes one a little giddy at first\mbox{---}'

`Living backwards!' Alice repeated in great astonishment.\  `I never
heard of such a thing!'

`\mbox{---}but there's one great advantage in it, that one's memory
works both ways.'

`I'm sure \textit{mine} only works one way,' Alice remarked.\  `I
can't remember things before they happen.'

`It's a poor sort of memory that only works backwards,' the Queen
remarked.

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`What sort of things do \textit{you} remember best?' Alice ventured
to ask.

`Oh, things that happened the week after next,' the Queen replied
in a careless tone.\  `For instance, now,' she went on, sticking
a large piece of plaster on her finger as she spoke, `there's the
King's Messenger. He's in prison now, being punished: and the trial
doesn't even begin till next Wednesday: and of course the crime comes
last of all.'

`Suppose he never commits the crime?' said Alice.

`That would be all the better, wouldn't it?' the Queen said, as she
bound the plaster round her finger with a bit of ribbon.

Alice felt there was no denying \textit{that}.\  `Of course it would
be all the better,' she said: `but it wouldn't be all the better his
being punished.'

`You're wrong \textit{there}, at any rate,' said the Queen: `were
\textit{you} ever punished?'

`Only for faults,' said Alice.

`And you were all the better for it, I know!' the Queen said triumphantly.

`Yes, but then I \textit{had} done the things I was punished for,'
said Alice: `that makes all the difference.'

`But if you \textit{hadn't} done them,' the Queen said, `that would
have been better still; better, and better, and better!' Her voice
went higher with each `better,' till it got quite to a squeak at last.

Alice was just beginning to say `There's a mistake somewhere\mbox{---},'
when the Queen began screaming so loud that she had to leave the sentence
unfinished.\  `Oh, oh, oh!' shouted the Queen, shaking her hand about
as if she wanted to shake it off. `My finger's bleeding! Oh, oh, oh,
oh!'

Her screams were so exactly like the whistle of a steam-engine, that
Alice had to hold both her hands over her ears.

`What \textit{is} the matter?' she said, as soon as there was a chance
of making herself heard.\  `Have you pricked your finger?'

`I haven't pricked it \textit{yet},' the Queen said, `but I soon shall\mbox{---}oh,
oh, oh!'

`When do you expect to do it?' Alice asked, feeling very much inclined
to laugh.

`When I fasten my shawl again,' the poor Queen groaned out: `the brooch
will come undone directly. Oh, oh!' As she said the words the brooch
flew open, and the Queen clutched wildly at it, and tried to clasp
it again.

`Take care!'\ cried Alice.\  `You're holding it all crooked!' And
she caught at the brooch; but it was too late: the pin had slipped,
and the Queen had pricked her finger.

`That accounts for the bleeding, you see,' she said to Alice with
a smile.\  `Now you understand the way things happen here.'

`But why don't you scream now?'\ Alice asked, holding her hands ready
to put over her ears again.

`Why, I've done all the screaming already,' said the Queen. `What
would be the good of having it all over again?'

By this time it was getting light.\  `The crow must have flown away,
I think,' said Alice: `I'm so glad it's gone. I thought it was the
night coming on.'

`I wish \textit{I} could manage to be glad!'\ the Queen said.\ 
`Only I never can remember the rule. You must be very happy, living
in this wood, and being glad whenever you like!'

`Only it is so \textit{very} lonely here!' Alice said in a melancholy
voice; and at the thought of her loneliness two large tears came rolling
down her cheeks.

`Oh, don't go on like that!'\ cried the poor Queen, wringing her
hands in despair.\  `Consider what a great girl you are. Consider
what a long way you've come to-day. Consider what o'clock it is. Consider
anything, only don't cry!'

Alice could not help laughing at this, even in the midst of her tears.
`Can \textit{you} keep from crying by considering things?' she asked.

`That's the way it's done,' the Queen said with great decision: `nobody
can do two things at once, you know. Let's consider your age to begin
with\mbox{---}how old are you?'

`I'm seven and a half exactly.'

`You needn't say {}``exactually,''' the Queen remarked: `I can believe
it without that. Now I'll give \textit{you} something to believe.
I'm just one hundred and one, five months and a day.'

`I can't believe \textit{that}!' said Alice.

`Can't you?'\ the Queen said in a pitying tone.\  `Try again: draw
a long breath, and shut your eyes.'

Alice laughed.\  `There's no use trying,' she said: `one \textit{can't}
believe impossible things.'

`I daresay you haven't had much practice,' said the Queen. `When I
was your age, I always did it for half-an-hour a day. Why, sometimes
I've believed as many as six impossible things before breakfast. There
goes the shawl again!'

The brooch had come undone as she spoke, and a sudden gust of wind
blew the Queen's shawl across a little brook. The Queen spread out
her arms again, and went flying after it, and this time she succeeded
in catching it for herself.\  `I've got it!' she cried in a triumphant
tone.\  `Now you shall see me pin it on again, all by myself!'

`Then I hope your finger is better now?' Alice said very politely,
as she crossed the little brook after the Queen.

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`Oh, much better!'\ cried the Queen, her voice rising to a squeak
as she went on.\  `Much be-etter! Be-etter! Be-e-e-etter! Be-e-ehh!'
The last word ended in a long bleat, so like a sheep that Alice quite
started.

She looked at the Queen, who seemed to have suddenly wrapped herself
up in wool. Alice rubbed her eyes, and looked again. She couldn't
make out what had happened at all. Was she in a shop? And was that
really\mbox{---}was it really a \textit{Sheep} that was sitting on
the other side of the counter? Rub as she could, she could make nothing
more of it: she was in a little dark shop, leaning with her elbows
on the counter, and opposite to her was an old Sheep, sitting in an
arm-chair knitting, and every now and then leaving off to look at
her through a great pair of spectacles.

`What is it you want to buy?'\ the Sheep said at last, looking up
for a moment from her knitting.

`I don't \textit{quite} know yet,' Alice said, very gently.\  `I
should like to look all round me first, if I might.'

`You may look in front of you, and on both sides, if you like,' said
the Sheep: `but you can't look \textit{all} round you\mbox{---}unless
you've got eyes at the back of your head.'

But these, as it happened, Alice had \textit{not} got: so she contented
herself with turning round, looking at the shelves as she came to
them.

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The shop seemed to be full of all manner of curious things\mbox{---}but
the oddest part of it all was, that whenever she looked hard at any
shelf, to make out exactly what it had on it, that particular shelf
was always quite empty: though the others round it were crowded as
full as they could hold.

`Things flow about so here!'\ she said at last in a plaintive tone,
after she had spent a minute or so in vainly pursuing a large bright
thing, that looked sometimes like a doll and sometimes like a work-box,
and was always in the shelf next above the one she was looking at.\ 
`And this one is the most provoking of all\mbox{---}but I'll tell
you what\mbox{---}' she added, as a sudden thought struck her, `I'll
follow it up to the very top shelf of all. It'll puzzle it to go through
the ceiling, I expect!'

But even this plan failed: the `thing' went through the ceiling as
quietly as possible, as if it were quite used to it.

`Are you a child or a teetotum?' the Sheep said, as she took up another
pair of needles.\  `You'll make me giddy soon, if you go on turning
round like that.' She was now working with fourteen pairs at once,
and Alice couldn't help looking at her in great astonishment.

`How \textit{can} she knit with so many?' the puzzled child thought
to herself.\  `She gets more and more like a porcupine every minute!'

`Can you row?' the Sheep asked, handing her a pair of knitting-needles
as she spoke.

`Yes, a little\mbox{---}but not on land\mbox{---}and not with needles\mbox{---}'
Alice was beginning to say, when suddenly the needles turned into
oars in her hands, and she found they were in a little boat, gliding
along between banks: so there was nothing for it but to do her best.

`Feather!' cried the Sheep, as she took up another pair of needles.

This didn't sound like a remark that needed any answer, so Alice said
nothing, but pulled away. There was something very queer about the
water, she thought, as every now and then the oars got fast in it,
and would hardly come out again.

`Feather! Feather!' the Sheep cried again, taking more needles.\ 
`You'll be catching a crab directly.'

`A dear little crab!' thought Alice.\  `I should like that.'

`Didn't you hear me say {}``Feather''?'\ the Sheep cried angrily,
taking up quite a bunch of needles.

`Indeed I did,' said Alice: `you've said it very often\mbox{---}and
very loud. Please, where \textit{are} the crabs?'

`In the water, of course!'\ said the Sheep, sticking some of the
needles into her hair, as her hands were full.\  `Feather, I say!'

`\textit{Why} do you say {}``feather'' so often?' Alice asked at
last, rather vexed. `I'm not a bird!'

`You are,' said the Sheet: `you're a little goose.'

This offended Alice a little, so there was no more conversation for
a minute or two, while the boat glided gently on, sometimes among
beds of weeds (which made the oars stick fast in the water, worse
then ever), and sometimes under trees, but always with the same tall
river-banks frowning over their heads.

`Oh, please! There are some scented rushes!' Alice cried in a sudden
transport of delight.\  `There really are\mbox{---}and \textit{such}
beauties!'

`You needn't say {}``please'' to \textit{me} about 'em' the Sheep
said, without looking up from her knitting: `I didn't put 'em there,
and I'm not going to take 'em away.'

`No, but I meant\mbox{---}please, may we wait and pick some?'\ Alice
pleaded.\  `If you don't mind stopping the boat for a minute.'

`How am \textit{I} to stop it?'\ said the Sheep.\  `If you leave
off rowing, it'll stop of itself.'

So the boat was left to drift down the stream as it would, till it
glided gently in among the waving rushes. And then the little sleeves
were carefully rolled up, and the little arms were plunged in elbow-deep
to get the rushes a good long way down before breaking them off\mbox{---}and
for a while Alice forgot all about the Sheep and the knitting, as
she bent over the side of the boat, with just the ends of her tangled
hair dipping into the water\mbox{---}while with bright eager eyes
she caught at one bunch after another of the darling scented rushes.

`I only hope the boat won't tipple over!' she said to herself. `Oh,
\emph{what} a lovely one! Only I couldn't quite reach it.' And it
certainly \emph{did} seem a little provoking (`almost as if it happened
on purpose,' she thought) that, though she managed to pick plenty
of beautiful rushes as the boat glided by, there was always a more
lovely one that she couldn't reach.

`The prettiest are always further!'\ she said at last, with a sigh
at the obstinacy of the rushes in growing so far off, as, with flushed
cheeks and dripping hair and hands, she scrambled back into her place,
and began to arrange her new-found treasures.

What mattered it to her just then that the rushes had begun to fade,
and to lose all their scent and beauty, from the very moment that
she picked them? Even real scented rushes, you know, last only a very
little while\mbox{---}and these, being dream-rushes, melted away
almost like snow, as they lay in heaps at her feet\mbox{---}but Alice
hardly noticed this, there were so many other curious things to think
about.

They hadn't gone much farther before the blade of one of the oars
got fast in the water and \emph{wouldn't} come out again (so Alice
explained it afterwards), and the consequence was that the handle
of it caught her under the chin, and, in spite of a series of little
shrieks of `Oh, oh, oh!' from poor Alice, it swept her straight off
the seat, and down among the heap of rushes.

However, she wasn't hurt, and was soon up again: the Sheep went on
with her knitting all the while, just as if nothing had happened.\ 
`That was a nice crab you caught!'\ she remarked, as Alice got back
into her place, very much relieved to find herself still in the boat.

`Was it? I didn't see it,' said Alice, peeping cautiously over the
side of the boat into the dark water.\  `I wish it hadn't let go\mbox{---}I
should so like to see a little crab to take home with me!' But the
Sheep only laughed scornfully, and went on with her knitting.

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`Are there many crabs here?' said Alice.

`Crabs, and all sorts of things,' said the Sheep: `plenty of choice,
only make up your mind. Now, what \emph{do} you want to buy?'

`To buy!'\ Alice echoed in a tone that was half astonished and half
frightened\mbox{---}for the oars, and the boat, and the river, had
vanished all in a moment, and she was back again in the little dark
shop.

`I should like to buy an egg, please,' she said timidly.\  `How do
you sell them?'

`Fivepence farthing for one\mbox{---}twopence for two,' the Sheep
replied.

`Then two are cheaper than one?' Alice said in a surprised tone, taking
out her purse.

`Only you \emph{must} eat them both, if you buy two,' said the Sheep.

`Then I'll have \emph{one}, please,' said Alice, as she put the money
down on the counter. For she thought to herself, `They mightn't be
at all nice, you know.'

The Sheep took the money, and put it away in a box: then she said
`I never put things into people's hands\mbox{---}that would never
do\mbox{---}you must get it for yourself.' And so saying, she went
off to the other end of the shop, and set the egg upright on a shelf.

`I wonder \emph{why} it wouldn't do?'\ thought Alice, as she groped
her way among the tables and chairs, for the shop was very dark towards
the end.\  `The egg seems to get further away the more I walk towards
it. Let me see, is this a chair? Why, it's got branches, I declare!
How very odd to find trees growing here! And actually here's a little
brook! Well, this is the very queerest shop I ever saw!'

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So she went on, wondering more and more at every step, as everything
turned into a tree the moment she came up to it, and she quite expected
the egg to do the same.


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER VI. Humpty Dumpty}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER VI. Humpty Dumpty}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{HUMPTY DUMPTY}

However, the egg only got larger and larger, and more and more human:
when she had come within a few yards of it, she saw that it had eyes
and a nose and mouth; and when she had come close to it, she saw clearly
that it was \emph{Humpty Dumpty} himself.\  `It can't be anybody
else!' she said to herself.\  `I'm as certain of it, as if his name
were written all over his face.'

It might have been written a hundred times, easily, on that enormous
face. Humpty Dumpty was sitting with his legs crossed, like a Turk,
on the top of a high wall\mbox{---}such a narrow one that Alice quite
wondered how he could keep his balance\mbox{---}and, as his eyes
were steadily fixed in the opposite direction, and he didn't take
the least notice of her, she thought he must be a stuffed figure after
all.

`And how exactly like an egg he is!' she said aloud, standing with
her hands ready to catch him, for she was every moment expecting him
to fall.

`It's \emph{very} provoking,' Humpty Dumpty said after a long silence,
looking away from Alice as he spoke, `to be called an egg\mbox{---}\emph{very}!'

`I said you \emph{looked} like an egg, Sir,' Alice gently explained.
`And some eggs are very pretty, you know' she added, hoping to turn
her remark into a sort of a compliment.

`Some people,' said Humpty Dumpty, looking away from her as usual,
`have no more sense than a baby!'

Alice didn't know what to say to this: it wasn't at all like conversation,
she thought, as he never said anything to \emph{her}; in fact, his
last remark was evidently addressed to a tree\mbox{---}so she stood
and softly repeated to herself:\mbox{---}

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall: \\*

Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. \\*

\mbox{All the King's horses and all the King's men} \\*

\mbox{Couldn't put Humpty Dumpty in his place again.'}

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`That last line is much too long for the poetry,' she added, almost
out loud, forgetting that Humpty Dumpty would hear her.

`Don't stand there chattering to yourself like that,' Humpty Dumpty
said, looking at her for the first time, `but tell me your name and
your business.'

`My \emph{name} is Alice, but\mbox{---}'

`It's a stupid enough name!'\ Humpty Dumpty interrupted impatiently.
`What does it mean?'

\emph{`Must} a name mean something?'\ Alice asked doubtfully.

`Of course it must,' Humpty Dumpty said with a short laugh: \emph{`My}
name means the shape I am\mbox{---}and a good handsome shape it is,
too. With a name like yours, you might be any shape, almost.'

`Why do you sit out here all alone?'\ said Alice, not wishing to
begin an argument.

`Why, because there's nobody with me!' cried Humpty Dumpty. `Did you
think I didn't know the answer to \emph{that}? Ask another.'

`Don't you think you'd be safer down on the ground?'\ Alice went
on, not with any idea of making another riddle, but simply in her
good-natured anxiety for the queer creature.\  `That wall is so \emph{very}
narrow!'

`What tremendously easy riddles you ask!' Humpty Dumpty growled out.\ 
`Of course I don't think so! Why, if ever I \emph{did} fall off\mbox{---}which
there's no chance of\mbox{---}but \emph{if} I did\mbox{---}' Here
he pursed his lips and looked so solemn and grand that Alice could
hardly help laughing.\  `\emph{If} I did fall,' he went on, `\emph{The
King has promised me\mbox{---}with his very own mouth}---to\mbox{---}to\mbox{---}'

`To send all his horses and all his men,' Alice interrupted, rather
unwisely.

`Now I declare that's too bad!'\ Humpty Dumpty cried, breaking into
a sudden passion.\  `You've been listening at doors\mbox{---}and
behind trees\mbox{---}and down chimneys\mbox{---}or you couldn't
have known it!'

`I haven't, indeed!' Alice said very gently.\  `It's in a book.'

`Ah, well! They may write such things in a \emph{book},' Humpty Dumpty
said in a calmer tone.\  `That's what you call a History of England,
that is. Now, take a good look at me! I'm one that has spoken to a
King, \textit{I} am: mayhap you'll never see such another: and to
show you I'm not proud, you may shake hands with me!' And he grinned
almost from ear to ear, as he leant forwards (and as nearly as possible
fell of the wall in doing so) and offered Alice his hand. She watched
him a little anxiously as she took it.\  `If he smiled much more,
the ends of his mouth might meet behind,' she thought: `and then I
don't know what would happen to his head! I'm afraid it would come
off!'

`Yes, all his horses and all his men,' Humpty Dumpty went on. `They'd
pick me up again in a minute, \emph{they} would! However, this conversation
is going on a little too fast: let's go back to the last remark but
one.'

`I'm afraid I can't quite remember it,' Alice said very politely.

`In that case we start fresh,' said Humpty Dumpty, `and it's my turn
to choose a subject\mbox{---}' (`He talks about it just as if it
was a game!' thought Alice.) `So here's a question for you. How old
did you say you were?'

Alice made a short calculation, and said `Seven years and six months.'

`Wrong!'\ Humpty Dumpty exclaimed triumphantly.\  `You never said
a word like it!'

`I though you meant {}``How old \emph{are} you?''' Alice explained.

`If I'd meant that, I'd have said it,' said Humpty Dumpty.

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Alice didn't want to begin another argument, so she said nothing.

`Seven years and six months!'\ Humpty Dumpty repeated thoughtfully.\ 
`An uncomfortable sort of age. Now if you'd asked \emph{my} advice,
I'd have said {}``Leave off at seven''---but it's too late now.'

`I never ask advice about growing,' Alice said indignantly.

`Too proud?' the other inquired.

Alice felt even more indignant at this suggestion.\  `I mean,' she
said, `that one can't help growing older.'

\emph{`One} can't, perhaps,' said Humpty Dumpty, `but \emph{two} can.
With proper assistance, you might have left off at seven.'

`What a beautiful belt you've got on!' Alice suddenly remarked.

(They had had quite enough of the subject of age, she thought: and
if they really were to take turns in choosing subjects, it was her
turn now.) `At least,' she corrected herself on second thoughts, `a
beautiful cravat, I should have said\mbox{---}no, a belt, I mean\mbox{---}I
beg your pardon!'\ she added in dismay, for Humpty Dumpty looked
thoroughly offended, and she began to wish she hadn't chosen that
subject.\  `If I only knew,' she thought to herself, `which was neck
and which was waist!'

Evidently Humpty Dumpty was very angry, though he said nothing for
a minute or two. When he \emph{did} speak again, it was in a deep
growl.

`It is a\mbox{---}\emph{most\mbox{---}provoking}---thing,' he said
at last, `when a person doesn't know a cravat from a belt!'

`I know it's very ignorant of me,' Alice said, in so humble a tone
that Humpty Dumpty relented.

`It's a cravat, child, and a beautiful one, as you say. It's a present
from the White King and Queen. There now!'

`Is it really?'\ said Alice, quite pleased to find that she \emph{had}
chosen a good subject, after all.

`They gave it me,' Humpty Dumpty continued thoughtfully, as he crossed
one knee over the other and clasped his hands round it, `they gave
it me\mbox{---}for an un-birthday present.'

`I beg your pardon?' Alice said with a puzzled air.

`I'm not offended,' said Humpty Dumpty.

`I mean, what \emph{is} an un-birthday present?'

`A present given when it isn't your birthday, of course.'

Alice considered a little.\  `I like birthday presents best,' she
said at last.

`You don't know what you're talking about!' cried Humpty Dumpty.\ 
`How many days are there in a year?'

`Three hundred and sixty-five,' said Alice.

`And how many birthdays have you?'

`One.'

`And if you take one from three hundred and sixty-five, what remains?'

`Three hundred and sixty-four, of course.'

Humpty Dumpty looked doubtful.\  `I'd rather see that done on paper,'
he said.

Alice couldn't help smiling as she took out her memorandum-book, and
worked the sum for him:

\begin{center} \begin{tabular}{r}

365 \\

- 1 \\

\cline{1-1} \\

364 

\end{tabular} \end{center}

Humpty Dumpty took the book, and looked at it carefully.\  `That
seems to be done right\mbox{---}' he began.

`You're holding it upside down!' Alice interrupted.

`To be sure I was!'\ Humpty Dumpty said gaily, as she turned it round
for him.\  `I thought it looked a little queer. As I was saying,
that \emph{seems} to be done right\mbox{---}though I haven't time
to look it over thoroughly just now\mbox{---}and that shows that
there are three hundred and sixty-four days when you might get un-birthday
presents\mbox{---}'

`Certainly,' said Alice.

`And only \emph{one} for birthday presents, you know. There's glory
for you!'

`I don't know what you mean by {}``glory,''' Alice said.

Humpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously.\  `Of course you don't\mbox{---}till
I tell you. I meant {}``there's a nice knock-down argument for you!'''

`But {}``glory'' doesn't mean {}``a nice knock-down argument,'''
Alice objected.

`When \textit{I} use a word,' Humpty Dumpty said in rather a scornful
tone, `it means just what I choose it to mean\mbox{---}neither more
nor less.'

`The question is,' said Alice, `whether you \emph{can} make words
mean so many different things.'

`The question is,' said Humpty Dumpty, `which is to be master\mbox{---}that's
all.'

Alice was too much puzzled to say anything, so after a minute Humpty
Dumpty began again.\  `They've a temper, some of them\mbox{---}particularly
verbs, they're the proudest\mbox{---}adjectives you can do anything
with, but not verbs\mbox{---}however, \textit{I} can manage the whole
lot of them! Impenetrability! That's what \textit{I} say!'

`Would you tell me, please,' said Alice `what that means?'

`Now you talk like a reasonable child,' said Humpty Dumpty, looking
very much pleased.\  `I meant by {}``impenetrability'' that we've
had enough of that subject, and it would be just as well if you'd
mention what you mean to do next, as I suppose you don't mean to stop
here all the rest of your life.'

`That's a great deal to make one word mean,' Alice said in a thoughtful
tone.

`When I make a word do a lot of work like that,' said Humpty Dumpty,
`I always pay it extra.'

`Oh!' said Alice. She was too much puzzled to make any other remark.

`Ah, you should see 'em come round me of a Saturday night,' Humpty
Dumpty went on, wagging his head gravely from side to side: `for to
get their wages, you know.'

(Alice didn't venture to ask what he paid them with; and so you see
I can't tell \emph{you}.)

`You seem very clever at explaining words, Sir,' said Alice. `Would
you kindly tell me the meaning of the poem called {}``Jabberwocky''?'

`Let's hear it,' said Humpty Dumpty.\  `I can explain all the poems
that were ever invented\mbox{---}and a good many that haven't been
invented just yet.'

This sounded very hopeful, so Alice repeated the first verse:

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves \\*

\ \ Did gyre and gimble in the wabe; \\*

All mimsy were the borogoves, \\*

\ \ And the mome raths outgrabe.

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`That's enough to begin with,' Humpty Dumpty interrupted: `there are
plenty of hard words there. {}``\emph{brillig}'' means four o'clock
in the afternoon\mbox{---}the time when you begin \emph{broilin}
things for dinner.'

`That'll do very well,' said Alice: and \emph{{}``slithy}''?'

`Well, \emph{{}``slithy''} means {}``lithe and slimy.'' {}``Lithe''
is the same as {}``active.'' You see it's like a portmanteau\mbox{---}there
are two meanings packed up into one word.'

`I see it now,' Alice remarked thoughtfully: `and what are \emph{{}``toves}''?'

`Well, \emph{{}``toves''} are something like bad\-g\-ers\mbox{---}they're
something like li\-z\-ards\mbox{---}and they're something like
corkscrews.'

`They must be very curious looking creatures.'

`They are that,' said Humpty Dumpty: `also they make their nests under
sun-dials---also they live on cheese.'

`And what's the \emph{{}``gyre''} and to \emph{{}``gimble}''?'

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`To \emph{{}``gyre''} is to go round and round like a gyroscope.
To \emph{{}``gimble''} is to make holes like a gimlet.'

`And \emph{{}``the wabe''} is the grass-plot round a sun-dial, I
suppose?' said Alice, surprised at her own ingenuity.

`Of course it is. It's called {}``\emph{wabe},'' you know, because
it goes a long way before it, and a long way behind it\mbox{---}'

`And a long way beyond it on each side,' Alice added.

`Exactly so. Well, then, \emph{{}``mimsy''} is {}``flimsy and miserable''
(there's another portmanteau for you). And a \emph{{}``borogove''}
is a thin shabby-looking bird with its feathers sticking out all round\mbox{---}something
like a live mop.'

`And then \emph{{}``mome raths}''?' said Alice.\  `I'm afraid I'm
giving you a great deal of trouble.'

`Well, a \emph{{}``rath''} is a sort of green pig: but \emph{{}``mome''}
I'm not certain about. I think it's short for {}``from home''---meaning
that they'd lost their way, you know.'

`And what does \emph{{}``outgrabe''} mean?'

`Well, \emph{{}``outgrabing''} is something between bellowing and
whistling, with a kind of sneeze in the middle: however, you'll hear
it done, maybe\mbox{---}down in the wood yonder\mbox{---}and when
you've once heard it you'll be \emph{quite} content. Who's been repeating
all that hard stuff to you?'

`I read it in a book,' said Alice.\  `But I had some poetry repeated
to me, much easier than that, by\mbox{---}Tweedledee, I think it
was.'

`As to poetry, you know,' said Humpty Dumpty, stretching out one of
his great hands, `\emph{I} can repeat poetry as well as other folk,
if it comes to that\mbox{---}'

`Oh, it needn't come to that!' Alice hastily said, hoping to keep
him from beginning.

`The piece I'm going to repeat,' he went on without noticing her remark,'
was written entirely for your amusement.'

Alice felt that in that case she really \emph{ought} to listen to
it, so she sat down, and said `Thank you' rather sadly.

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \small

`In winter, when the fields are white, \\*

I sing this song for your delight---

\end{verse} \end{flushleft} only I don't sing it,' he added, as an explanation.

`I see you don't,' said Alice.

`If you can \emph{see} whether I'm singing or not, you've sharper
eyes than most,'\ Humpty Dumpty remarked severely. Alice was silent.

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`In spring, when woods are getting green, \\*

I'll try and tell you what I mean.'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`Thank you very much,' said Alice. 

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`In summer, when the days are long, \\*

Perhaps you'll understand the song: \\*

In autumn, when the leaves are brown, \\*

Take pen and ink, and write it down.'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`I will, if I can remember it so long,' said Alice.

`You needn't go on making remarks like that,' Humpty Dumpty said:
`they're not sensible, and they put me out.'

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`I sent a message to the fish: \\*

I told them This is what I wish.



The little fishes of the sea, \\*

They sent an answer back to me.



The little fishes' answer was \\*

We cannot do it, Sir, because---'''

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`I'm afraid I don't quite understand,' said Alice.

`It gets easier further on,' Humpty Dumpty replied.

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize 

`I sent to them again to say \\*

It will be better to obey.



The fishes answered with a grin, \\*

Why, what a temper you are in!



I told them once, I told them twice: \\*

They would not listen to advice.



I took a kettle large and new, \\*

Fit for the deed I had to do.



\mbox{My heart went hop, my heart went thump;} \\*

I filled the kettle at the pump.



Then some one came to me and said, \\*

The little fishes are in bed.



I said to him, I said it plain, \\*

Then you must wake them up again.



I said it very loud and clear; \\*

I went and shouted in his ear.'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

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Humpty Dumpty raised his voice almost to a scream as he repeated this
verse, and Alice thought with a shudder, `I wouldn't have been the
messenger for \emph{anything}!'

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`But he was very stiff and proud; \\*

He said You needn't shout so loud!



And he was very proud and stiff; \\*

He said I'd go and wake them, if---



I took a corkscrew from the shelf: \\*

I went to wake them up myself.



And when I found the door was locked, \\*

\mbox{I pulled and pushed and kicked and knocked.} 



And when I found the door was shut, \\*

I tried to turn the handle, but---'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

There was a long pause.

`Is that all?' Alice timidly asked.

`That's all,' said Humpty Dumpty.\  `Good-bye.'

This was rather sudden, Alice thought: but, after such a \emph{very}
strong hint that she ought to be going, she felt that it would hardly
be civil to stay. So she got up, and held out her hand. `Good-bye,
till we meet again!' she said as cheerfully as she could.

`I shouldn't know you again if we \emph{did} meet,' Humpty Dumpty
replied in a discontented tone, giving her one of his fingers to shake;
`you're so exactly like other people.'

`The face is what one goes by, generally,' Alice remarked in a thoughtful
tone.

`That's just what I complain of,' said Humpty Dumpty.\  `Your face
is the same as everybody has\mbox{---}the two eyes, so\mbox{---}'
(marking their places in the air with this thumb) `nose in the middle,
mouth under. It's always the same. Now if you had the two eyes on
the same side of the nose, for instance\mbox{---}or the mouth at
the top\mbox{---}that would be \emph{some} help.'

`It wouldn't look nice,' Alice objected. But Humpty Dumpty only shut
his eyes and said `Wait till you've tried.'

Alice waited a minute to see if he would speak again, but as he never
opened his eyes or took any further notice of her, she said `Good-bye!'\ once
more, and, getting no answer to this, she quietly walked away: but
she couldn't help saying to herself as she went, `Of all the unsatisfactory\mbox{---}'
(she repeated this aloud, as it was a great comfort to have such a
long word to say) `of all the unsatisfactory people I \emph{ever}
met\mbox{---}' She never finished the sentence, for at this moment
a heavy crash shook the forest from end to end.


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER VII. The Lion and the Unicorn}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER VII. The Lion and the Unicorn}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{THE LION AND THE UNICORN}

The next moment soldiers came running through the wood, at first in
twos and threes, then ten or twenty together, and at last in such
crowds that they seemed to fill the whole forest. Alice got behind
a tree, for fear of being run over, and watched them go by.

She thought that in all her life she had never seen soldiers so uncertain
on their feet: they were always tripping over something or other,
and whenever one went down, several more always fell over him, so
that the ground was soon covered with little heaps of men.

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Then came the horses. Having four feet, these managed rather better
than the foot-soldiers: but even \emph{they} stumbled now and then;
and it seemed to be a regular rule that, whenever a horse stumbled
the rider fell off instantly. The confusion got worse every moment,
and Alice was very glad to get out of the wood into an open place,
where she found the White King seated on the ground, busily writing
in his memorandum-book.

`I've sent them all!' the King cried in a tone of delight, on seeing
Alice.\  `Did you happen to meet any soldiers, my dear, as you came
through the wood?'

`Yes, I did,' said Alice: `several thousand, I should think.'

`Four thousand two hundred and seven, that's the exact number,' the
King said, referring to his book.\  `I couldn't send all the horses,
you know, because two of them are wanted in the game. And I haven't
sent the two Messengers, either. They're both gone to the town. Just
look along the road, and tell me if you can see either of them.'

`I see nobody on the road,' said Alice.

`I only wish \textit{I} had such eyes,' the King remarked in a fretful
tone.\  `To be able to see Nobody! And at that distance, too! Why,
it's as much as \textit{I} can do to see real people, by this light!'

All this was lost on Alice, who was still looking intently along the
road, shading her eyes with one hand.\  `I see somebody now!' she
exclaimed at last.\  `But he's coming very slowly\mbox{---}and what
curious attitudes he goes into!' (For the messenger kept skipping
up and down, and wriggling like an eel, as he came along, with his
great hands spread out like fans on each side.)

`Not at all,' said the King.\  `He's an Anglo-Saxon Messenger\mbox{---}and
those are Anglo-Saxon attitudes. He only does them when he's happy.
His name is Haigha.' (He pronounced it so as to rhyme with `mayor.')

`I love my love with an H,' Alice couldn't help beginning, `because
he is Happy. I hate him with an H, because he is Hideous. I fed him
with\mbox{---}with\mbox{---}with Ham-sandwiches and Hay. His name
is Haigha, and he lives\mbox{---}'

`He lives on the Hill,' the King remarked simply, without the least
idea that he was joining in the game, while Alice was still hesitating
for the name of a town beginning with H.\  `The other Messenger's
called Hatta. I must have \emph{Two}, you know\mbox{---}to come and
go. One to come, and one to go.'

`I beg your pardon?' said Alice.

`It isn't respectable to beg,' said the King.

`I only meant that I didn't understand,' said Alice.\  `Why one to
come and one to go?'

`Didn't I tell you?' the King repeated impatiently.\  `I must have
Two\mbox{---}to fetch and carry. One to fetch, and one to carry.'

At this moment the Messenger arrived: he was far too much out of breath
to say a word, and could only wave his hands about, and make the most
fearful faces at the poor King.

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`This young lady loves you with an H,' the King said, introducing
Alice in the hope of turning off the Messenger's attention from himself\mbox{---}but
it was no use\mbox{---}the Anglo-Saxon attitudes only got more extraordinary
every moment, while the great eyes rolled wildly from side to side.

`You alarm me!' said the King.\  `I feel faint\mbox{---}Give me
a ham sandwich!'

On which the Messenger, to Alice's great amusement, opened a bag that
hung round his neck, and handed a sandwich to the King, who devoured
it greedily.

`Another sandwich!' said the King.

`There's nothing but hay left now,' the Messenger said, peeping into
the bag.

`Hay, then,' the King murmured in a faint whisper.

Alice was glad to see that it revived him a good deal. `There's nothing
like eating hay when you're faint,' he remarked to her, as he munched
away.

`I should think throwing cold water over you would be better,' Alice
suggested: `or some sal-volatile.'

`I didn't say there was nothing \emph{better},' the King replied.\ 
`I said there was nothing \emph{like} it.' Which Alice did not venture
to deny.

`Who did you pass on the road?' the King went on, holding out his
hand to the Messenger for some more hay.

`Nobody,' said the Messenger.

`Quite right,' said the King: `this young lady saw him too. So of
course Nobody walks slower than you.'

`I do my best,' the Messenger said in a sulky tone.\  `I'm sure nobody
walks much faster than I do!'

`He can't do that,' said the King, `or else he'd have been here first.
However, now you've got your breath, you may tell us what's happened
in the town.'

`I'll whisper it,' said the Messenger, putting his hands to his mouth
in the shape of a trumpet, and stooping so as to get close to the
King's ear. Alice was sorry for this, as she wanted to hear the news
too. However, instead of whispering, he simply shouted at the top
of his voice `They're at it again!'

`Do you call \emph{that} a whisper?' cried the poor King, jumping
up and shaking himself.\  `If you do such a thing again, I'll have
you buttered! It went through and through my head like an earthquake!'

`It would have to be a very tiny earthquake!' thought Alice. `Who
are at it again?' she ventured to ask.

`Why the Lion and the Unicorn, of course,' said the King.

`Fighting for the crown?'

`Yes, to be sure,' said the King: `and the best of the joke is, that
it's \emph{my} crown all the while! Let's run and see them.' And they
trotted off, Alice repeating to herself, as she ran, the words of
the old song:\mbox{---}

\begin{flushleft} \footnotesize

The Lion and the Unicorn were fighting for the crown: \\*

The Lion beat the Unicorn all round the town. \\*

Some gave them white bread, some gave them brown; \\*

\mbox{Some gave them plumcake \& drummed them out of town}

\end{flushleft}

`Does\mbox{---}the one\mbox{---}that wins\mbox{---}get the crown?'
she asked, as well as she could, for the run was putting her quite
out of breath.

`Dear me, no!'\ said the King.\  `What an idea!'

`Would you\mbox{---}be good enough,' Alice panted out, after running
a little further, `to stop a minute\mbox{---}just to get\mbox{---}one's
breath again?'

`I'm \emph{good} enough,' the King said, `only I'm not strong enough.
You see, a minute goes by so fearfully quick. You might as well try
to stop a Bandersnatch!'

Alice had no more breath for talking, so they trotted on in silence,
till they came in sight of a great crowd, in the middle of which the
Lion and Unicorn were fighting. They were in such a cloud of dust,
that at first Alice could not make out which was which: but she soon
managed to distinguish the Unicorn by his horn.

They placed themselves close to where Hatta, the other messenger,
was standing watching the fight, with a cup of tea in one hand and
a piece of bread-and-butter in the other.

`He's only just out of prison, and he hadn't finished his tea when
he was sent in,' Haigha whispered to Alice: `and they only give them
oyster-shells in there\mbox{---}so you see he's very hungry and thirsty.
How are you, dear child?' he went on, putting his arm affectionately
round Hatta's neck.

Hatta looked round and nodded, and went on with his bread and butter.

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`Were you happy in prison, dear child?' said Haigha.

Hatta looked round once more, and this time a tear or two trickled
down his cheek: but not a word would he say.

`Speak, can't you!'\ Haigha cried impatiently. But Hatta only munched
away, and drank some more tea.

`Speak, won't you!'\ cried the King. 'How are they getting on with
the fight?'

Hatta made a desperate effort, and swallowed a large piece of bread-and-butter.\ 
`They're getting on very well,' he said in a choking voice: `each
of them has been down about eighty-seven times.'

`Then I suppose they'll soon bring the white bread and the brown?'\ Alice
ventured to remark.

`It's waiting for 'em now,' said Hatta: `this is a bit of it as I'm
eating.'

There was a pause in the fight just then, and the Lion and the Unicorn
sat down, panting, while the King called out `Ten minutes allowed
for refreshments!' Haigha and Hatta set to work at once, carrying
rough trays of white and brown bread. Alice took a piece to taste,
but it was \emph{very} dry.

`I don't think they'll fight any more to-day,' the King said to Hatta:
`go and order the drums to begin.' And Hatta went bounding away like
a grasshopper.

For a minute or two Alice stood silent, watching him. Suddenly she
brightened up.\  `Look, look!'\ she cried, pointing eagerly. `There's
the White Queen running across the country! She came flying out of
the wood over yonder\mbox{---} How fast those Queens \emph{can} run!'

`There's some enemy after her, no doubt,' the King said, without even
looking round.\  `That wood's full of them.'

`But aren't you going to run and help her?' Alice asked, very much
surprised at his taking it so quietly.

`No use, no use!' said the King.\  `She runs so fearfully quick.
You might as well try to catch a Bandersnatch! But I'll make a memorandum
about her, if you like\mbox{---} She's a dear good creature,' he
repeated softly to himself, as he opened his memorandum-book. `Do
you spell {}``creature'' with a double {}``e''?'

At this moment the Unicorn sauntered by them, with his hands in his
pockets.\  `I had the best of it this time?' he said to the King,
just glancing at him as he passed.

`A little\mbox{---}a little,' the King replied, rather nervously.
`You shouldn't have run him through with your horn, you know.'

`It didn't hurt him,' the Unicorn said carelessly, and he was going
on, when his eye happened to fall upon Alice: he turned round rather
instantly, and stood for some time looking at her with an air of the
deepest disgust.

`What\mbox{---}is\mbox{---}this?' he said at last.

`This is a child!'\ Haigha replied eagerly, coming in front of Alice
to introduce her, and spreading out both his hands towards her in
an Anglo-Saxon attitude.\  `We only found it to-day. It's as large
as life, and twice as natural!'

`I always thought they were fabulous monsters!' said the Unicorn.\ 
`Is it alive?'

`It can talk,' said Haigha, solemnly.

The Unicorn looked dreamily at Alice, and said `Talk, child.'

Alice could not help her lips curling up into a smile as she began:
`Do you know, I always thought Unicorns were fabulous monsters, too!
I never saw one alive before!'

`Well, now that we \emph{have} seen each other,' said the Unicorn,
`if you'll believe in me, I'll believe in you. Is that a bargain?'

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`Yes, if you like,' said Alice.

`Come, fetch out the plum-cake, old man!' the Unicorn went on, turning
from her to the King.\  `None of your brown bread for me!'

`Certainly\mbox{---}certainly!'\ the King muttered, and beckoned
to Haigha.\  `Open the bag!'\ he whispered.\  `Quick! Not that
one\mbox{---}that's full of hay!'

Haigha took a large cake out of the bag, and gave it to Alice to hold,
while he got out a dish and carving-knife. How they all came out of
it Alice couldn't guess. It was just like a conjuring-trick, she thought.

The Lion had joined them while this was going on: he looked very tired
and sleepy, and his eyes were half shut.\  `What's this!' he said,
blinking lazily at Alice, and speaking in a deep hollow tone that
sounded like the tolling of a great bell.

`Ah, what \emph{is} it, now?' the Unicorn cried eagerly.\  `You'll
never guess! \textit{I} couldn't.'

The Lion looked at Alice wearily.\  `Are you animal\mbox{---}vegetable\mbox{---}or
mineral?' he said, yawning at every other word.

`It's a fabulous monster!' the Unicorn cried out, before Alice could
reply.

`Then hand round the plum-cake, Monster,' the Lion said, lying down
and putting his chin on this paws.\  `And sit down, both of you,'
(to the King and the Unicorn): `fair play with the cake, you know!'

The King was evidently very uncomfortable at having to sit down between
the two great creatures; but there was no other place for him.

`What a fight we might have for the crown, \emph{now}!' the Unicorn
said, looking slyly up at the crown, which the poor King was nearly
shaking off his head, he trembled so much.

`I should win easy,' said the Lion.

`I'm not so sure of that,' said the Unicorn.

`Why, I beat you all round the town, you chicken!' the Lion replied
angrily, half getting up as he spoke.

Here the King interrupted, to prevent the quarrel going on: he was
very nervous, and his voice quite quivered.\  `All round the town?'
he said.\  `That's a good long way. Did you go by the old bridge,
or the market-place? You get the best view by the old bridge.'

`I'm sure I don't know,' the Lion growled out as he lay down again.\ 
`There was too much dust to see anything. What a time the Monster
is, cutting up that cake!'

Alice had seated herself on the bank of a little brook, with the great
dish on her knees, and was sawing away diligently with the knife.\ 
`It's very provoking!' she said, in reply to the Lion (she was getting
quite used to being called `the Monster'). `I've cut several slices
already, but they always join on again!'

`You don't know how to manage Looking-glass cakes,' the Unicorn remarked.\ 
`Hand it round first, and cut it afterwards.'

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This sounded nonsense, but Alice very obediently got up, and carried
the dish round, and the cake divided itself into three pieces as she
did so.\  \emph{`Now} cut it up,' said the Lion, as she returned
to her place with the empty dish.

`I say, this isn't fair!'\ cried the Unicorn, as Alice sat with the
knife in her hand, very much puzzled how to begin.\  `The Monster
has given the Lion twice as much as me!'

`She's kept none for herself, anyhow,' said the Lion.\  `Do you like
plum-cake, Monster?'

But before Alice could answer him, the drums began.

Where the noise came from, she couldn't make out: the air seemed full
of it, and it rang through and through her head till she felt quite
deafened. She started to her feet and sprang across the little brook
in her terror, and had just time to see the Lion and the Unicorn rise
to their feet, with angry looks at being interrupted in their feast,
before she dropped to her knees, and put her hands over her ears,
vainly trying to shut out the dreadful uproar.

`If \emph{that} doesn't {}``drum them out of town,''' she thought
to herself, `nothing ever will!'


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER VIII. `It's My Own Invention'}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER VIII. `It's My Own Invention'}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{`IT'S MY OWN INVENTION'}

After a while the noise seemed gradually to die away, till all was
dead silence, and Alice lifted up her head in some alarm. There was
no one to be seen, and her first thought was that she must have been
dreaming about the Lion and the Unicorn and those still lying at her
feet, on which she had tried to cut the plum-cake, `So I wasn't dreaming,
after all,' she said to herself, `unless\mbox{---}unless we're all
part of the same dream. Only I do hope it's \emph{my} dream, and not
the Red King's! I don't like belonging to another person's dream,'
she went on in a rather complaining tone: `I've a great mind to go
and wake him, and see what happens!'

At this moment her thoughts were interrupted by a loud shouting of
`Ahoy! Ahoy! Check!' and a Knight dressed in crimson armour came galloping
down upon her, brandishing a great club. Just as he reached her, the
horse stopped suddenly: `You're my prisoner!' the Knight cried, as
he tumbled off his horse.

Startled as she was, Alice was more frightened for him than for herself
at the moment, and watched him with some anxiety as he mounted again.
As soon as he was comfortably in the saddle, he began once more `You're
my\mbox{---}' but here another voice broke in `Ahoy! Ahoy! Check!'\ and
Alice looked round in some surprise for the new enemy.

This time it was a White Knight. He drew up at Alice's side, and tumbled
off his horse just as the Red Knight had done: then he got on again,
and the two Knights sat and looked at each other for some time without
speaking. Alice looked from one to the other in some bewilderment.

`She's \emph{my} prisoner, you know!'\ the Red Knight said at last.

`Yes, but then \textit{I} came and rescued her!' the White Knight
replied.

`Well, we must fight for her, then,' said the Red Knight, as he took
up his helmet (which hung from the saddle, and was something the shape
of a horse's head), and put it on.

`You will observe the Rules of Battle, of course?' the White Knight
remarked, putting on his helmet too.

`I always do,' said the Red Knight, and they began banging away at
each other with such fury that Alice got behind a tree to be out of
the way of the blows.

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`I wonder, now, what the Rules of Battle are,' she said to herself,
as she watched the fight, timidly peeping out from her hiding-place:
`one Rule seems to be, that if one Knight hits the other, he knocks
him off his horse, and if he misses, he tumbles off himself\mbox{---}and
another Rule seems to be that they hold their clubs with their arms,
as if they were Punch and Judy\mbox{---} What a noise they make when
they tumble! Just like a whole set of fire-irons falling into the
fender! And how quiet the horses are! They let them get on and off
them just as if they were tables!'

Another Rule of Battle, that Alice had not noticed, seemed to be that
they always fell on their heads, and the battle ended with their both
falling off in this way, side by side: when they got up again, they
shook hands, and then the Red Knight mounted and galloped off.

`It was a glorious victory, wasn't it?' said the White Knight, as
he came up panting.

`I don't know,' Alice said doubtfully.\  `I don't want to be anybody's
prisoner. I want to be a Queen.'

`So you will, when you've crossed the next brook,' said the White
Knight.\  `I'll see you safe to the end of the wood\mbox{---}and
then I must go back, you know. That's the end of my move.'

`Thank you very much,' said Alice.\  `May I help you off with your
helmet?' It was evidently more than he could manage by himself; however,
she managed to shake him out of it at last.

`Now one can breathe more easily,' said the Knight, putting back his
shaggy hair with both hands, and turning his gentle face and large
mild eyes to Alice. She thought she had never seen such a strange-looking
soldier in all her life.

He was dressed in tin armour, which seemed to fit him very badly,
and he had a queer-shaped little deal box fastened across his shoulder,
upside-down, and with the lid hanging open. Alice looked at it with
great curiosity.

`I see you're admiring my little box.' the Knight said in a friendly
tone.\  `It's my own invention\mbox{---}to keep clothes and sandwiches
in. You see I carry it upside-down, so that the rain can't get in.'

`But the things can get \emph{out},' Alice gently remarked.\  `Do
you know the lid's open?'

`I didn't know it,' the Knight said, a shade of vexation passing over
his face.\  `Then all the things must have fallen out! And the box
is no use without them.' He unfastened it as he spoke, and was just
going to throw it into the bushes, when a sudden thought seemed to
strike him, and he hung it carefully on a tree.\  `Can you guess
why I did that?' he said to Alice.

Alice shook her head.

`In hopes some bees may make a nest in it\mbox{---}then I should
get the honey.'

`But you've got a bee-hive\mbox{---}or something like one\mbox{---}fastened
to the saddle,' said Alice.

`Yes, it's a very good bee-hive,' the Knight said in a discontented
tone, `one of the best kind. But not a single bee has come near it
yet. And the other thing is a mouse-trap. I suppose the mice keep
the bees out\mbox{---}or the bees keep the mice out, I don't know
which.'

`I was wondering what the mouse-trap was for,' said Alice.\  `It
isn't very likely there would be any mice on the horse's back.'

`Not very likely, perhaps,' said the Knight: `but if they \emph{do}
come, I don't choose to have them running all about.'

`You see,' he went on after a pause, `it's as well to be provided
for \emph{everything}. That's the reason the horse has all those anklets
round his feet.'

`But what are they for?'\ Alice asked in a tone of great curiosity.

`To guard against the bites of sharks,' the Knight replied. `It's
an invention of my own. And now help me on. I'll go with you to the
end of the wood\mbox{---} What's the dish for?'

`It's meant for plum-cake,' said Alice.

`We'd better take it with us,' the Knight said.\  `It'll come in
handy if we find any plum-cake. Help me to get it into this bag.'

This took a very long time to manage, though Alice held the bag open
very carefully, because the Knight was so \emph{very} awkward in putting
in the dish: the first two or three times that he tried he fell in
himself instead.\  `It's rather a tight fit, you see,' he said, as
they got it in a last; `There are so many candlesticks in the bag.'
And he hung it to the saddle, which was already loaded with bunches
of carrots, and fire-irons, and many other things.

`I hope you've got your hair well fastened on?' he continued, as they
set off.

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`Only in the usual way,' Alice said, smiling.

`That's hardly enough,' he said, anxiously.\  `You see the wind is
so \emph{very} strong here. It's as strong as soup.'

`Have you invented a plan for keeping the hair from being blown off?'
Alice enquired.

`Not yet,' said the Knight.\  `But I've got a plan for keeping it
from \emph{falling} off.'

`I should like to hear it, very much.'

`First you take an upright stick,' said the Knight.\  `Then you make
your hair creep up it, like a fruit-tree. Now the reason hair falls
off is because it hangs \emph{down}---things never fall \emph{upwards},
you know. It's a plan of my own invention. You may try it if you like.'

It didn't sound a comfortable plan, Alice thought, and for a few minutes
she walked on in silence, puzzling over the idea, and every now and
then stopping to help the poor Knight, who certainly was \emph{not}
a good rider.

Whenever the horse stopped (which it did very often), he fell off
in front; and whenever it went on again (which it generally did rather
suddenly), he fell off behind. Otherwise he kept on pretty well, except
that he had a habit of now and then falling off sideways; and as he
generally did this on the side on which Alice was walking, she soon
found that it was the best plan not to walk \emph{quite} close to
the horse.

`I'm afraid you've not had much practice in riding,' she ventured
to say, as she was helping him up from his fifth tumble.

The Knight looked very much surprised, and a little offended at the
remark.\  `What makes you say that?' he asked, as he scrambled back
into the saddle, keeping hold of Alice's hair with one hand, to save
himself from falling over on the other side.

`Because people don't fall off quite so often, when they've had much
practice.'

`I've had plenty of practice,' the Knight said very gravely: `plenty
of practice!'

Alice could think of nothing better to say than `Indeed?'\ but she
said it as heartily as she could. They went on a little way in silence
after this, the Knight with his eyes shut, muttering to himself, and
Alice watching anxiously for the next tumble.

`The great art of riding,' the Knight suddenly began in a loud voice,
waving his right arm as he spoke, `is to keep\mbox{---}' Here the
sentence ended as suddenly as it had begun, as the Knight fell heavily
on the top of his head exactly in the path where Alice was walking.
She was quite frightened this time, and said in an anxious tone, as
she picked him up, `I hope no bones are broken?'

`None to speak of,' the Knight said, as if he didn't mind breaking
two or three of them.\  `The great art of riding, as I was saying,
is\mbox{---}to keep your balance properly. Like this, you know\mbox{---}'

He let go the bridle, and stretched out both his arms to show Alice
what he meant, and this time he fell flat on his back, right under
the horse's feet.

`Plenty of practice!' he went on repeating, all the time that Alice
was getting him on his feet again.\  `Plenty of practice!'

`It's too ridiculous!'\ cried Alice, losing all her patience this
time. `You ought to have a wooden horse on wheels, that you ought!'

`Does that kind go smoothly?'\ the Knight asked in a tone of great
interest, clasping his arms round the horse's neck as he spoke, just
in time to save himself from tumbling off again.

`Much more smoothly than a live horse,' Alice said, with a little
scream of laughter, in spite of all she could do to prevent it.

`I'll get one,' the Knight said thoughtfully to himself.\  `One or
two\mbox{---}several.'

There was a short silence after this, and then the Knight went on
again.\  `I'm a great hand at inventing things. Now, I daresay you
noticed, that last time you picked me up, that I was looking rather
thoughtful?'

`You \emph{were} a little grave,' said Alice.

`Well, just then I was inventing a new way of getting over a gate\mbox{---}would
you like to hear it?'

`Very much indeed,' Alice said politely.

`I'll tell you how I came to think of it,' said the Knight. `You see,
I said to myself, {}``The only difficulty is with the feet: the \emph{head}
is high enough already.'' Now, first I put my head on the top of
the gate\mbox{---}then I stand on my head\mbox{---}then the feet
are high enough, you see\mbox{---}then I'm over, you see.'

`Yes, I suppose you'd be over when that was done,' Alice said thoughtfully:
`but don't you think it would be rather hard?'

`I haven't tried it yet,' the Knight said, gravely: `so I can't tell
for certain\mbox{---}but I'm afraid it \emph{would} be a little hard.'

He looked so vexed at the idea, that Alice changed the subject hastily.\ 
`What a curious helmet you've got!' she said cheerfully. `Is that
your invention too?'

The Knight looked down proudly at his helmet, which hung from the
saddle.\  `Yes,' he said, `but I've invented a better one than that\mbox{---}like
a sugar loaf. When I used to wear it, if I fell off the horse, it
always touched the ground directly. So I had a \emph{very} little
way to fall, you see\mbox{---} But there \emph{was} the danger of
falling \emph{into} it, to be sure. That happened to me once\mbox{---}and
the worst of it was, before I could get out again, the other White
Knight came and put it on. He thought it was his own helmet.'

The knight looked so solemn about it that Alice did not dare to laugh.\ 
`I'm afraid you must have hurt him,' she said in a trembling voice,
`being on the top of his head.'

`I had to kick him, of course,' the Knight said, very seriously. `And
then he took the helmet off again\mbox{---}but it took hours and
hours to get me out. I was as fast as\mbox{---}as lightning, you
know.'

`But that's a different kind of fastness,' Alice objected.

The Knight shook his head.\  `It was all kinds of fastness with me,
I can assure you!' he said. He raised his hands in some excitement
as he said this, and instantly rolled out of the saddle, and fell
headlong into a deep ditch.

Alice ran to the side of the ditch to look for him. She was rather
startled by the fall, as for some time he had kept on very well, and
she was afraid that he really \emph{was} hurt this time. However,
though she could see nothing but the soles of his feet, she was much
relieved to hear that he was talking on in his usual tone.\  `All
kinds of fastness,' he repeated: `but it was careless of him to put
another man's helmet on\mbox{---}with the man in it, too.'

`How \emph{can} you go on talking so quietly, head downwards?' Alice
asked, as she dragged him out by the feet, and laid him in a heap
on the bank.

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The Knight looked surprised at the question.\  `What does it matter
where my body happens to be?' he said.\  `My mind goes on working
all the same. In fact, the more head downwards I am, the more I keep
inventing new things.'

`Now the cleverest thing of the sort that I ever did,' he went on
after a pause, `was inventing a new pudding during the meat-course.'

`In time to have it cooked for the next course?' said Alice. 

`Well, not the \emph{next} course,' the Knight said in a slow thoughtful
tone: `no, certainly not the next \emph{course}.'

`Then it would have to be the next day. I suppose you wouldn't have
two pudding-courses in one dinner?'

`Well, not the \emph{next} day,' the Knight repeated as before: `not
the next \emph{day}. In fact,' he went on, holding his head down,
and his voice getting lower and lower, `I don't believe that pudding
ever \emph{was} cooked! In fact, I don't believe that pudding ever
\emph{will} be cooked! And yet it was a very clever pudding to invent.'

`What did you mean it to be made of?' Alice asked, hoping to cheer
him up, for the poor Knight seemed quite low-spirited about it.

`It began with blotting paper,' the Knight answered with a groan.

`That wouldn't be very nice, I'm afraid\mbox{---}'

`Not very nice \emph{alone},' he interrupted, quite eagerly: `but
you've no idea what a difference it makes mixing it with other things\mbox{---}such
as gunpowder and sealing-wax. And here I must leave you.' They had
just come to the end of the wood.

Alice could only look puzzled: she was thinking of the pudding.

`You are sad,' the Knight said in an anxious tone: `let me sing you
a song to comfort you.'

`Is it very long?' Alice asked, for she had heard a good deal of poetry
that day.

`It's long,' said the Knight, `but very, \emph{very} beautiful. Everybody
that hears me sing it\mbox{---}either it brings the \emph{tears}
into their eyes, or else\mbox{---}'

`Or else what?' said Alice, for the Knight had made a sudden pause.

`Or else it doesn't, you know. The name of the song is called {}``\emph{Haddock's
Eyes}.'''

`Oh, that's the name of the song, is it?' Alice said, trying to feel
interested.

`No, you don't understand,' the Knight said, looking a little vexed.\ 
`That's what the name is \emph{called}.\  The name really \emph{is}
{}``\emph{The Aged Aged Man}.'''

`Then I ought to have said {}``That's what the \emph{song} is called''?'
Alice corrected herself.

`No, you oughtn't: that's quite another thing! The \emph{song} is
called {}``\emph{Ways and Means}'': but that's only what it's \emph{called},
you know!'

`Well, what \emph{is} the song, then?' said Alice, who was by this
time completely bewildered.

`I was coming to that,' the Knight said.\  `The song really \emph{is}
{}``\emph{A-Sitting On a Gate}'': and the tune's my own invention.'

So saying, he stopped his horse and let the reins fall on its neck:
then, slowly beating time with one hand, and with a faint smile lighting
up his gentle foolish face, as if he enjoyed the music of his song,
he began.

Of all the strange things that Alice saw in her journey Through The
Looking-Glass, this was the one that she always remembered most clearly.
Years afterwards she could bring the whole scene back again, as if
it had been only yesterday\mbox{---}the mild blue eyes and kindly
smile of the Knight\mbox{---}the setting sun gleaming through his
hair, and shining on his armour in a blaze of light that quite dazzled
her\mbox{---}the horse quietly moving about, with the reins hanging
loose on his neck, cropping the grass at her feet\mbox{---}and the
black shadows of the forest behind\mbox{---}all this she took in
like a picture, as, with one hand shading her eyes, she leant against
a tree, watching the strange pair, and listening, in a half dream,
to the melancholy music of the song.

`But the tune \emph{isn't} his own invention,' she said to herself:
`it's {}``\emph{I Give Thee All, I Can No More}.''' She stood and
listened very attentively, but no tears came into her eyes.

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\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`I'll tell thee everything I can; \\*

\ \ There's little to relate. \\*

I saw an aged aged man, \\*

\ \ A-sitting on a gate. \\*

Who are you, aged man? I said, \\*

\ \ And how is it you live? \\*

And his answer trickled through my head \\*

\ \ Like water through a sieve.



He said I look for butterflies \\*

\ \ That sleep among the wheat: \\*

I make them into mutton-pies, \\*

\ \ And sell them in the street. \\*

I sell them unto men, he said, \\*

\ \ Who sail on stormy seas; \\*

And that's the way I get my bread--- \\*

\ \ A trifle, if you please.



But I was thinking of a plan \\*

\ \ To dye one's whiskers green, \\*

And always use so large a fan \\*

\ \ That they could not be seen. \\*

So, having no reply to give \\*

\ \ To what the old man said, \\*

I cried, Come, tell me how you live! \\*

\ \ And thumped him on the head.



His accents mild took up the tale: \\*

\ \ He said I go my ways, \\*

And when I find a mountain-rill, \\*

\ \ I set it in a blaze; \\*

And thence they make a stuff they call \\*

\ \ Rolands' Macassar Oil--- \\*

Yet twopence-halfpenny is all \\*

\ \ They give me for my toil. 



But I was thinking of a way \\*

\ \ To feed oneself on batter, \\*

And so go on from day to day \\*

\ \ Getting a little fatter. \\*

I shook him well from side to side, \\*

\ \ Until his face was blue: \\*

Come, tell me how you live, I cried, \\*

\ \ And what it is you do!



He said I hunt for haddocks' eyes \\*

\ \ Among the heather bright, \\*

And work them into waistcoat-buttons \\*

\ \ In the silent night. \\*

And these I do not sell for gold \\*

\ \ Or coin of silvery shine \\*

But for a copper halfpenny, \\*

\ \ And that will purchase nine.



I sometimes dig for buttered rolls, \\*

\ \ Or set limed twigs for crabs; \\*

I sometimes search the grassy knolls \\*

\ \ For wheels of Hansom-cabs. \\*

And that's the way (he gave a wink) \\*

\ \ By which I get my wealth--- \\*

And very gladly will I drink \\*

\ \ Your Honour's noble health.



I heard him then, for I had just \\*

\ \ Completed my design \\*

To keep the Menai bridge from rust \\*

\ \ By boiling it in wine. \\*

I thanked much for telling me \\*

\ \ The way he got his wealth, \\*

But chiefly for his wish that he \\*

\ \ Might drink my noble health.



And now, if e'er by chance I put \\*

\ \ My fingers into glue \\*

Or madly squeeze a right-hand foot \\*

\ \ Into a left-hand shoe, \\*

Or if I drop upon my toe \\*

\ \ A very heavy weight, \\*

I weep, for it reminds me so, \\*

\ \ Of that old man I used to know---



\mbox{Whose look was mild, whose speech was slow,} \\*

Whose hair was whiter than the snow, \\*

Whose face was very like a crow, \\*

With eyes, like cinders, all aglow, \\*

Who seemed distracted with his woe, \\*

Who rocked his body to and fro, \\*

And muttered mumblingly and low, \\*

As if his mouth were full of dough, \\*

Who snorted like a buffalo--- \\*

That summer evening, long ago, \\*

A-sitting on a gate.'

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

As the Knight sang the last words of the ballad, he gathered up the
reins, and turned his horse's head along the road by which they had
come.\  `You've only a few yards to go,' he said, `down the hill
and over that little brook, and then you'll be a Queen\mbox{---}
But you'll stay and see me off first?' he added as Alice turned with
an eager look in the direction to which he pointed.\  `I shan't be
long. You'll wait and wave your handkerchief when I get to that turn
in the road? I think it'll encourage me, you see.'

`Of course I'll wait,' said Alice: `and thank you very much for coming
so far\mbox{---}and for the song\mbox{---}I liked it very much.'

`I hope so,' the Knight said doubtfully: `but you didn't cry so much
as I thought you would.'

So they shook hands, and then the Knight rode slowly away into the
forest.\  `It won't take long to see him \emph{off}, I expect,' Alice
said to herself, as she stood watching him.\  `There he goes! Right
on his head as usual! However, he gets on again pretty easily\mbox{---}that
comes of having so many things hung round the horse\mbox{---}' So
she went on talking to herself, as she watched the horse walking leisurely
along the road, and the Knight tumbling off, first on one side and
then on the other. After the fourth or fifth tumble he reached the
turn, and then she waved her handkerchief to him, and waited till
he was out of sight.

`I hope it encouraged him,' she said, as she turned to run down the
hill: `and now for the last brook, and to be a Queen! How grand it
sounds!' A very few steps brought her to the edge of the brook.\ 
`The Eighth Square at last!'\ she cried as she bounded across, and
threw herself down to rest on a lawn as soft as moss, with little
flower-beds dotted about it here and there.\  `Oh, how glad I am
to get here! And what \emph{is} this on my head?'\ she exclaimed
in a tone of dismay, as she put her hands up to something very heavy,
and fitted tight all round her head.

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`But how \emph{can} it have got there without my knowing it?' she
said to herself, as she lifted it off, and set it on her lap to make
out what it could possibly be.

It was a golden crown.


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER IX. Queen Alice}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER IX. Queen Alice}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{QUEEN ALICE}

`Well, this \emph{is} grand!'\ said Alice.\  `I never expected I
should be a Queen so soon\mbox{---}and I'll tell you what it is,
your majesty,' she went on in a severe tone (she was always rather
fond of scolding herself), `it'll never do for you to be lolling about
on the grass like that! Queens have to be dignified, you know!'

So she got up and walked about\mbox{---}rather stiffly just at first,
as she was afraid that the crown might come off: but she comforted
herself with the thought that there was nobody to see her, `and if
I really am a Queen,' she said as she sat down again, `I shall be
able to manage it quite well in time.'

Everything was happening so oddly that she didn't feel a bit surprised
at finding the Red Queen and the White Queen sitting close to her,
one on each side: she would have liked very much to ask them how they
came there, but she feared it would not be quite civil. However, there
would be no harm, she thought, in asking if the game was over.\ 
`Please, would you tell me\mbox{---}' she began, looking timidly
at the Red Queen.

`Speak when you're spoken to!' The Queen sharply interrupted her.

`But if everybody obeyed that rule,' said Alice, who was always ready
for a little argument, `and if you only spoke when you were spoken
to, and the other person always waited for \emph{you} to begin, you
see nobody would ever say anything, so that\mbox{---}'

`Ridiculous!' cried the Queen.\  `Why, don't you see, child\mbox{---}'
here she broke off with a frown, and, after thinking for a minute,
suddenly changed the subject of the conversation.\  `What do you
mean by {}``If you really are a Queen''? What right have you to
call yourself so? You can't be a Queen, you know, till you've passed
the proper examination. And the sooner we begin it, the better.'

`I only said {}``if''!'\ poor Alice pleaded in a piteous tone.

The two Queens looked at each other, and the Red Queen remarked, with
a little shudder, `She \emph{says} she only said {}``if''---'

`But she said a great deal more than that!' the White Queen moaned,
wringing her hands.\  `Oh, ever so much more than that!'

`So you did, you know,' the Red Queen said to Alice.\  `Always speak
the truth\mbox{---}think before you speak\mbox{---}and write it
down afterwards.'

`I'm sure I didn't mean\mbox{---}' Alice was beginning, but the Red
Queen interrupted her impatiently.

`That's just what I complain of! You \emph{should} have meant! What
do you suppose is the use of a child without any meaning? Even a joke
should have some meaning\mbox{---}and a child's more important than
a joke, I hope. You couldn't deny that, even if you tried with both
hands.'

`I don't deny things with my \emph{hands},' Alice objected.

`Nobody said you did,' said the Red Queen.\  `I said you couldn't
if you tried.'

`She's in that state of mind,' said the White Queen, `that she wants
to deny \emph{something}---only she doesn't know what to deny!'

`A nasty, vicious temper,' the Red Queen remarked; and then there
was an uncomfortable silence for a minute or two.

The Red Queen broke the silence by saying to the White Queen, `I invite
you to Alice's dinner-party this afternoon.'

The White Queen smiled feebly, and said `And I invite \emph{you}.'

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`I didn't know I was to have a party at all,' said Alice; `but if
there is to be one, I think \textit{I} ought to invite the guests.'

`We gave you the opportunity of doing it,' the Red Queen remarked:
`but I daresay you've not had many lessons in manners yet?'

`Manners are not taught in lessons,' said Alice.\  `Lessons teach
you to do sums, and things of that sort.'

`And you do Addition?'\ the White Queen asked.\  `What's one and
one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one?'

`I don't know,' said Alice.\  `I lost count.'

`She can't do Addition,' the Red Queen interrupted. `Can you do Subtraction?
Take nine from eight.'

`Nine from eight I can't, you know,' Alice replied very readily: `but\mbox{---}'

`She can't do Subtraction,' said the White Queen.\  `Can you do Division?
Divide a loaf by a knife\mbox{---}what's the answer to that?'

`I suppose\mbox{---}' Alice was beginning, but the Red Queen answered
for her.\  `Bread-and-butter, of course. Try another Subtraction
sum. Take a bone from a dog: what remains?'

Alice considered.\  `The bone wouldn't remain, of course, if I took
it\mbox{---}and the dog wouldn't remain; it would come to bite me\mbox{---}and
I'm sure I shouldn't remain!'

`Then you think nothing would remain?' said the Red Queen.

`I think that's the answer.'

`Wrong, as usual,' said the Red Queen: `the dog's temper would remain.'

`But I don't see how\mbox{---}'

`Why, look here!' the Red Queen cried.\  `The dog would lose its
temper, wouldn't it?'

`Perhaps it would,' Alice replied cautiously.

`Then if the dog went away, its temper would remain!'\ the Queen
exclaimed triumphantly.

Alice said, as gravely as she could, `They might go different ways.'
But she couldn't help thinking to herself, `What dreadful nonsense
we \emph{are} talking!'

`She can't do sums a \emph{bit}!' the Queens said together, with great
emphasis.

`Can \emph{you} do sums?' Alice said, turning suddenly on the White
Queen, for she didn't like being found fault with so much.

The Queen gasped and shut her eyes.\  `I can do Addition\mbox{---}if
you give me time\mbox{---}but I can do Subtraction, under \emph{any}
circumstances!'

`Of course you know your A B C?' said the Red Queen.

`To be sure I do.' said Alice.

`So do I,' the White Queen whispered: `we'll often say it over together,
dear. And I'll tell you a secret\mbox{---}I can read words of one
letter! Isn't \emph{that} grand! However, don't be discouraged. You'll
come to it in time.'

Here the Red Queen began again.\  `Can you answer useful questions?'\ she
said.\  `How is bread made?'

`I know \emph{that}!' Alice cried eagerly.\  `You take some flour\mbox{---}'

`Where do you pick the flower?'\ the White Queen asked.\  `In a
garden, or in the hedges?'

`Well, it isn't \emph{picked} at all,' Alice explained: `it's \emph{ground}---'

`How many acres of ground?'\ said the White Queen.\  `You mustn't
leave out so many things.'

`Fan her head!' the Red Queen anxiously interrupted.\  `She'll be
feverish after so much thinking.' So they set to work and fanned her
with bunches of leaves, till she had to beg them to leave off, it
blew her hair about so.

`She's all right again now,' said the Red Queen.\  `Do you know Languages?
What's the French for fiddle-de-dee?'

`Fiddle-de-dee's not English,' Alice replied gravely.

`Who ever said it was?' said the Red Queen.

Alice thought she saw a way out of the difficulty this time. `If you'll
tell me what language {}``fiddle-de-dee'' is, I'll tell you the
French for it!' she exclaimed triumphantly.

But the Red Queen drew herself up rather stiffly, and said `Queens
never make bargains.'

`I wish Queens never asked questions,' Alice thought to herself.

`Don't let us quarrel,' the White Queen said in an anxious tone.\ 
`What is the cause of lightning?'

`The cause of lightning,' Alice said very decidedly, for she felt
quite certain about this, `is the thunder\mbox{---}no, no!'\ she
hastily corrected herself. `I meant the other way.'

`It's too late to correct it,' said the Red Queen: `when you've once
said a thing, that fixes it, and you must take the consequences.'

`Which reminds me\mbox{---}' the White Queen said, looking down and
nervously clasping and unclasping her hands, `we had \emph{such} a
thunderstorm last Tuesday\mbox{---}I mean one of the last set of
Tuesdays, you know.'

Alice was puzzled.\  `In \emph{our} country,' she remarked, `there's
only one day at a time.'

The Red Queen said, `That's a poor thin way of doing things. Now \emph{here},
we mostly have days and nights two or three at a time, and sometimes
in the winter we take as many as five nights together\mbox{---}for
warmth, you know.'

`Are five nights warmer than one night, then?' Alice ventured to ask.

`Five times as warm, of course.'

`But they should be five times as \emph{cold}, by the same rule\mbox{---}'

`Just so!' cried the Red Queen.\  `Five times as warm, \emph{and}
five times as cold\mbox{---}just as I'm five times as rich as you
are, \emph{and} five times as clever!'

Alice sighed and gave it up.\  `It's exactly like a riddle with no
answer!' she thought.

`Humpty Dumpty saw it too,' the White Queen went on in a low voice,
more as if she were talking to herself.\  `He came to the door with
a corkscrew in his hand\mbox{---}'

`What did he want?' said the Red Queen.

`He said he \emph{would} come in,' the White Queen went on, `because
he was looking for a hippopotamus. Now, as it happened, there wasn't
such a thing in the house, that morning.'

`Is there generally?'\ Alice asked in an astonished tone.

`Well, only on Thursdays,' said the Queen.

`I know what he came for,' said Alice: `he wanted to punish the fish,
because\mbox{---}-'

Here the White Queen began again.\  `It was \emph{such} a thunderstorm,
you can't think!' (`She \emph{never} could, you know,' said the Red
Queen.) `And part of the roof came off, and ever so much thunder got
in\mbox{---}and it went rolling round the room in great lumps\mbox{---}and
knocking over the tables and things\mbox{---}till I was so frightened,
I couldn't remember my own name!'

Alice thought to herself, `I never should \emph{try} to remember my
name in the middle of an accident! Where would be the use of it?'
but she did not say this aloud, for fear of hurting the poor Queen's
feeling.

`Your Majesty must excuse her,' the Red Queen said to Alice, taking
one of the White Queen's hands in her own, and gently stroking it:
`she means well, but she can't help saying foolish things, as a general
rule.'

The White Queen looked timidly at Alice, who felt she \emph{ought}
to say something kind, but really couldn't think of anything at the
moment.

`She never was really well brought up,' the Red Queen went on: `but
it's amazing how good-tempered she is! Pat her on the head, and see
how pleased she'll be!' But this was more than Alice had courage to
do.

`A little kindness\mbox{---}and putting her hair in papers\mbox{---}would
do wonders with her\mbox{---}'

The White Queen gave a deep sigh, and laid her head on Alice's shoulder.\ 
`I \emph{am} so sleepy!'\ she moaned.

`She's tired, poor thing!'\ said the Red Queen.\  `Smooth her hair\mbox{---}lend
her your nightcap\mbox{---}and sing her a soothing lullaby.'

`I haven't got a nightcap with me,' said Alice, as she tried to obey
the first direction: `and I don't know any soothing lullabies.'

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`I must do it myself, then,' said the Red Queen, and she began:

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \footnotesize

`Hush-a-by lady, in Alice's lap! \\*

Till the feast's ready, we've time for a nap: \\*

\mbox{When the feast's over, we'll go to the ball---} \\*

\mbox{Red Queen, and White Queen, and Alice, \& all!}

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}

`And now you know the words,' she added, as she put her head down
on Alice's other shoulder, `just sing it through to \emph{me}. I'm
getting sleepy, too.' In another moment both Queens were fast asleep,
and snoring loud.

`What \emph{am} I to do?' exclaimed Alice, looking about in great
perplexity, as first one round head, and then the other, rolled down
from her shoulder, and lay like a heavy lump in her lap. `I don't
think it \emph{ever} happened before, that any one had to take care
of two Queens asleep at once! No, not in all the History of England\mbox{---}it
couldn't, you know, because there never was more than one Queen at
a time.\  `Do wake up, you heavy things!'\ she went on in an impatient
tone; but there was no answer but a gentle snoring.

The snoring got more distinct every minute, and sounded more like
a tune: at last she could even make out the words, and she listened
so eagerly that, when the two great heads vanished from her lap, she
hardly missed them.

She was standing before an arched doorway over which were the words
\noun{Queen Alice} in large letters, and on each side of the arch
there was a bell-handle; one was marked `Visitors' Bell,' and the
other `Servants' Bell.'

`I'll wait till the song's over,' thought Alice, `and then I'll ring\mbox{---}the\mbox{---}\emph{which}
bell must I ring?' she went on, very much puzzled by the names.\ 
`I'm not a visitor, and I'm not a servant. There \emph{ought} to be
one marked {}``Queen,'' you know\mbox{---}'

Just then the door opened a little way, and a creature with a long
beak put its head out for a moment and said `No admittance till the
week after next!' and shut the door again with a bang.

Alice knocked and rang in vain for a long time, but at last, a very
old Frog, who was sitting under a tree, got up and hobbled slowly
towards her: he was dressed in bright yellow, and had enormous boots
on.

`What is it, now?' the Frog said in a deep hoarse whisper.

Alice turned round, ready to find fault with anybody.\  `Where's
the servant whose business it is to answer the door?' she began angrily.

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`Which door?' said the Frog.

Alice almost stamped with irritation at the slow drawl in which he
spoke.\  \emph{`This} door, of course!'

The Frog looked at the door with his large dull eyes for a minute:
then he went nearer and rubbed it with his thumb, as if he were trying
whether the paint would come off; then he looked at Alice.

`To answer the door?'\ he said.\  `What's it been asking of?' He
was so hoarse that Alice could scarcely hear him.

`I don't know what you mean,' she said.

`I talks English, doesn't I?' the Frog went on.\  `Or are you deaf?
What did it ask you?'

`Nothing!' Alice said impatiently.\  `I've been knocking at it!'

`Shouldn't do that\mbox{---}shouldn't do that\mbox{---}' the Frog
muttered. `Vexes it, you know.' Then he went up and gave the door
a kick with one of his great feet.\  `You let \emph{it} alone,' he
panted out, as he hobbled back to his tree, `and it'll let \emph{you}
alone, you know.'

At this moment the door was flung open, and a shrill voice was heard
singing:

\begin{flushleft} \footnotesize

`To the Looking-Glass world it was Alice that said, \\*

I've a sceptre in hand, I've a crown on my head; \\*

Let the Looking-Glass creatures, whatever they be, \\*

\mbox{Come \& dine with the Red Queen, the White Queen, \& me.'}

\end{flushleft}

And hundreds of voices joined in the chorus:

\begin{flushleft} \footnotesize

`Then fill up the glasses as quick as you can, \\*

And sprinkle the table with buttons and bran: \\*

Put cats in the coffee, and mice in the tea--- \\*

And welcome Queen Alice with thirty-times-three!'

\end{flushleft}

Then followed a confused noise of cheering, and Alice thought to herself,
`Thirty times three makes ninety. I wonder if any one's counting?'
In a minute there was silence again, and the same shrill voice sang
another verse;

\begin{flushleft} \footnotesize

`O Looking-Glass creatures, quothe Alice, draw near! \\*

'Tis an honour to see me, a favour to hear: \\*

'Tis a privilege high to have dinner and tea \\*

Along with the Red Queen, the White Queen, and me!'

\end{flushleft}

Then came the chorus again:\mbox{---}

\begin{flushleft} \footnotesize

`Then fill up the glasses with treacle and ink, \\*

Or anything else that is pleasant to drink: \\*

Mix sand with the cider, and wool with the wine--- \\*

And welcome Queen Alice with ninety-times-nine!'

\end{flushleft}

`Ninety times nine!' Alice repeated in despair, `Oh, that'll never
be done! I'd better go in at once\mbox{---}' and there was a dead
silence the moment she appeared.

Alice glanced nervously along the table, as she walked up the large
hall, and noticed that there were about fifty guests, of all kinds:
some were animals, some birds, and there were even a few flowers among
them.\  `I'm glad they've come without waiting to be asked,' she
thought: `I should never have known who were the right people to invite!'

There were three chairs at the head of the table; the Red and White
Queens had already taken two of them, but the middle one was empty.
Alice sat down in it, rather uncomfortable in the silence, and longing
for some one to speak.

At last the Red Queen began.\  `You've missed the soup and fish,'
she said.\  `Put on the joint!' And the waiters set a leg of mutton
before Alice, who looked at it rather anxiously, as she had never
had to carve a joint before.

`You look a little shy; let me introduce you to that leg of mutton,'
said the Red Queen.\  `Alice\mbox{---}Mutton; Mutton\mbox{---}Alice.'
The leg of mutton got up in the dish and made a little bow to Alice;
and Alice returned the bow, not knowing whether to be frightened or
amused.

`May I give you a slice?' she said, taking up the knife and fork,
and looking from one Queen to the other.

`Certainly not,' the Red Queen said, very decidedly: `it isn't etiquette
to cut any one you've been introduced to. Remove the joint!' And the
waiters carried it off, and brought a large plum-pudding in its place.

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`I won't be introduced to the pudding, please,' Alice said rather
hastily, `or we shall get no dinner at all. May I give you some?'

But the Red Queen looked sulky, and growled `Pudding\mbox{---}Alice;
Alice\mbox{---}Pudding. Remove the pudding!'\ and the waiters took
it away so quickly that Alice couldn't return its bow.

However, she didn't see why the Red Queen should be the only one to
give orders, so, as an experiment, she called out `Waiter! Bring back
the pudding!'\ and there it was again in a moment like a conjuring-trick.
It was so large that she couldn't help feeling a \emph{little} shy
with it, as she had been with the mutton; however, she conquered her
shyness by a great effort and cut a slice and handed it to the Red
Queen.

`What impertinence!'\ said the Pudding.\  `I wonder how you'd like
it, if I were to cut a slice out of \emph{you}, you creature!'

It spoke in a thick, suety sort of voice, and Alice hadn't a word
to say in reply: she could only sit and look at it and gasp.

`Make a remark,' said the Red Queen: `it's ridiculous to leave all
the conversation to the pudding!'

`Do you know, I've had such a quantity of poetry repeated to me to-day,'
Alice began, a little frightened at finding that, the moment she opened
her lips, there was dead silence, and all eyes were fixed upon her;
`and it's a very curious thing, I think\mbox{---}every poem was about
fishes in some way. Do you know why they're so fond of fishes, all
about here?'

She spoke to the Red Queen, whose answer was a little wide of the
mark.\  `As to fishes,' she said, very slowly and solemnly, putting
her mouth close to Alice's ear, `her White Majesty knows a lovely
riddle\mbox{---}all in poetry\mbox{---}all about fishes. Shall she
repeat it?'

`Her Red Majesty's very kind to mention it,' the White Queen murmured
into Alice's other ear, in a voice like the cooing of a pigeon.\ 
`It would be \emph{such} a treat! May I?'

`Please do,' Alice said very politely.

The White Queen laughed with delight, and stroked Alice's cheek. Then
she began:

\begin{flushleft} \footnotesize

~~~~~~```First, the fish must be caught. \\*

\mbox{That is easy: a baby, I think, could have caught it.} \\*

~~~~~~Next, the fish must be bought. \\*

\mbox{That is easy: a penny, I think, would have bought it.} \\

\  \\

~~~~~~Now cook me the fish! \\*

\mbox{That is easy, and will not take more than a minute.} \\*

~~~~~~Let it lie in a dish! \\*

\mbox{That is easy, because it already is in it.} \\

\  \\

~~~~~~Bring it here! Let me sup! \\*

\mbox{It is easy to set such a dish on the table}. \\*

~~~~~~Take the dish-cover up! \\*

\mbox{Ah, \textit{that} is so hard that I fear I'm unable!} \\

\  \\

~~~~~~For it holds it like glue--- \\*

\mbox{Holds the lid to the dish, while it lies in the middle:} \\*

~~~~~~Which is easiest to do, \\*

\mbox{Un-dish-cover the fish, or dishcover the riddle?'}

\end{flushleft}

`Take a minute to think about it, and then guess,' said the Red Queen.
`Meanwhile, we'll drink your health\mbox{---}Queen Alice's health!'
she screamed at the top of her voice, and all the guests began drinking
it directly, and very queerly they managed it: some of them put their
glasses upon their heads like extinguishers, and drank all that trickled
down their faces\mbox{---}others upset the decanters, and drank the
wine as it ran off the edges of the table\mbox{---}and three of them
(who looked like kangaroos) scrambled into the dish of roast mutton,
and began eagerly lapping up the gravy, `just like pigs in a trough!'
thought Alice.

`You ought to return thanks in a neat speech,' the Red Queen said,
frowning at Alice as she spoke.

`We must support you, you know,' the White Queen whispered, as Alice
got up to do it, very obediently, but a little frightened.

`Thank you very much,' she whispered in reply, `but I can do quite
well without.'

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`That wouldn't be at all the thing,' the Red Queen said very decidedly:
so Alice tried to submit to it with a good grace.

(`And they \emph{did} push so!'\ she said afterwards, when she was
telling her sister the history of the feast.\  `You would have thought
they wanted to squeeze me flat!')

In fact it was rather difficult for her to keep in her place while
she made her speech: the two Queens pushed her so, one on each side,
that they nearly lifted her up into the air: `I rise to return thanks\mbox{---}'
Alice began: and she really \emph{did} rise as she spoke, several
inches; but she got hold of the edge of the table, and managed to
pull herself down again.

`Take care of yourself!' screamed the White Queen, seizing Alice's
hair with both her hands.\  `Something's going to happen!'

And then (as Alice afterwards described it) all sorts of thing happened
in a moment. The candles all grew up to the ceiling, looking something
like a bed of rushes with fireworks at the top. As to the bottles,
they each took a pair of plates, which they hastily fitted on as wings,
and so, with forks for legs, went fluttering about in all directions:
`and very like birds they look,' Alice thought to herself, as well
as she could in the dreadful confusion that was beginning.

At this moment she heard a hoarse laugh at her side, and turned to
see what was the matter with the White Queen; but, instead of the
Queen, there was the leg of mutton sitting in the chair. `Here I am!'
cried a voice from the soup tureen, and Alice turned again, just in
time to see the Queen's broad good-natured face grinning at her for
a moment over the edge of the tureen, before she disappeared into
the soup.

There was not a moment to be lost. Already several of the guests were
lying down in the dishes, and the soup ladle was walking up the table
towards Alice's chair, and beckoning to her impatiently to get out
of its way.

`I can't stand this any longer!' she cried as she jumped up and seized
the table-cloth with both hands: one good pull, and plates, dishes,
guests, and candles came crashing down together in a heap on the floor.

`And as for \emph{you},' she went on, turning fiercely upon the Red
Queen, whom she considered as the cause of all the mischief\mbox{---}but
the Queen was no longer at her side\mbox{---}she had suddenly dwindled
down to the size of a little doll, and was now on the table, merrily
running round and round after her own shawl, which was trailing behind
her.

At any other time, Alice would have felt surprised at this, but she
was far too much excited to be surprised at anything \emph{now}. `As
for \emph{you},' she repeated, catching hold of the little creature
in the very act of jumping over a bottle which had just lighted upon
the table, `I'll shake you into a kitten, that I will!'

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\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER X. Shaking}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER X. Shaking}

\markboth{Through the Looking-Glass}{Shaking}

She took her off the table as she spoke, and shook her backwards and
forwards with all her might.

The Red Queen made no resistance whatever; only her face grew very
small, and her eyes got large and green: and still, as Alice went
on shaking her, she kept on growing shorter\mbox{---}and fatter\mbox{---}and
softer\mbox{---}and rounder\mbox{---}and\mbox{---}


\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER XI. Waking}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER XI. Waking}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{WAKING}

---and it really \emph{was} a kitten, after all.

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\chapter*{\raggedright CHAPTER XII. Which Dreamed it?}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{CHAPTER XII. Which Dreamed it?}

\markboth{THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS}{WHICH DREAMED IT?}

`Your majesty shouldn't purr so loud,' Alice said, rubbing her eyes,
and addressing the kitten, respectfully, yet with some severity.\ 
`You woke me out of oh!\ such a nice dream! And you've been along
with me, Kitty\mbox{---}all through the Looking-Glass world. Did
you know it, dear?'

It is a very inconvenient habit of kittens (Alice had once made the
remark) that, whatever you say to them, they \emph{always} purr. `If
them would only purr for {}``yes'' and mew for {}``no,'' or any
rule of that sort,' she had said, `so that one could keep up a conversation!
But how \emph{can} you talk with a person if they always say the same
thing?'

On this occasion the kitten only purred: and it was impossible to
guess whether it meant `yes' or `no.'

So Alice hunted among the chessmen on the table till she had found
the Red Queen: then she went down on her knees on the hearth-rug,
and put the kitten and the Queen to look at each other.\  `Now, Kitty!'
she cried, clapping her hands triumphantly. `Confess that was what
you turned into!'

(`But it wouldn't look at it,' she said, when she was explaining the
thing afterwards to her sister: `it turned away its head, and pretended
not to see it: but it looked a \emph{little} ashamed of itself, so
I think it \emph{must} have been the Red Queen.')

`Sit up a little more stiffly, dear!' Alice cried with a merry laugh.\ 
`And curtsey while you're thinking what to\mbox{---}what to purr.
It saves time, remember!' And she caught it up and gave it one little
kiss, `just in honour of having been a Red Queen.'

`Snowdrop, my pet!' she went on, looking over her shoulder at the
White Kitten, which was still patiently undergoing its toilet, `when
\emph{will} Dinah have finished with your White Majesty, I wonder?
That must be the reason you were so untidy in my dream\mbox{---}Dinah!
do you know that you're scrubbing a White Queen? Really, it's most
disrespectful of you!

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`And what did \emph{Dinah} turn to, I wonder?' she prattled on, as
she settled comfortably down, with one elbow in the rug, and her chin
in her hand, to watch the kittens.\  `Tell me, Dinah, did you turn
to Humpty Dumpty? I \emph{think} you did\mbox{---}however, you'd
better not mention it to your friends just yet, for I'm not sure.

`By the way, Kitty, if only you'd been really with me in my dream,
there was one thing you \emph{would} have enjoyed\mbox{---}I had
such a quantity of poetry said to me, all about fishes! To-morrow
morning you shall have a real treat. All the time you're eating your
breakfast, I'll repeat {}``The Walrus and the Carpenter'' to you;
and then you can make believe it's oysters, dear!

`Now, Kitty, let's consider who it was that dreamed it all. This is
a serious question, my dear, and you should \emph{not} go on licking
your paw like that\mbox{---}as if Dinah hadn't washed you this morning!
You see, Kitty, it \emph{must} have been either me or the Red King.
He was part of my dream, of course\mbox{---}but then I was part of
his dream, too! \emph{was} it the Red King, Kitty? You were his wife,
my dear, so you ought to know\mbox{---} Oh, Kitty, \emph{do} help
to settle it! I'm sure your paw can wait!' But the provoking kitten
only began on the other paw, and pretended it hadn't heard the question.

Which do \emph{you} think it was?

\begin{tabular}{c} \hline \end{tabular}

\begin{flushleft} \begin{verse} \small

A boat beneath a sunny sky, \\*

Lingering onward dreamily \\*

In an evening of July---



Children three that nestle near, \\*

Eager eye and willing ear, \\*

Pleased a simple tale to hear---



Long has paled that sunny sky: \\*

Echoes fade and memories die. \\*

Autumn frosts have slain July.



Still she haunts me, phantomwise, \\*

Alice moving under skies \\*

Never seen by waking eyes.



Children yet, the tale to hear, \\*

Eager eye and willing ear, \\*

Lovingly shall nestle near.



In a Wonderland they lie, \\*

Dreaming as the days go by, \\*

Dreaming as the summers die:



Ever drifting down the stream--- \\*

Lingering in the golden gleam--- \\*

Life, what is it but a dream?

\end{verse} \end{flushleft}
\end{document}
