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\title{ABC's of Science}

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\frontmatter


\title{ABC's of Science}


\author{Chas. Oliver}

\maketitle
\vspace*{\stretch{1}}

\noindent This public-domain (U.S.) text was scanned and proofed by
Ron Burkey. The Project Gutenberg text (designated {}``abcos10'')
was subsequently converted to \LaTeX{} with \textbf{GutenMark} software,
and then re-formatted. Illustrations missing in the Project Gutenberg
edition have been restored. Report any problems to info@sandroid.org.

\bigskip{}
\noindent Originally published by the author. Copyright 1917, by Chas.\ Worbs.

\noindent \begin{center}Revision: B1\\
Date: 12/25/02\end{center}

\vspace{\stretch{1}}

\newpage

\pagestyle{myheadings}

%
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{abcos10_author}\end{center}

\begin{center}THE AUTHOR\end{center}
\end{figure}


\begin{quotation}
\vspace*{\stretch{1}}

The author of this little book spent several years in composing his
work, to the best of his ability, making the treatise brief and to
the point, so that the reader may not become weary and misunderstand
the true meaning.

His desire is to have the flourishing human know the truth of Science
and to learn what he can of its greatest wonders.

\begin{flushright}\textit{\emph{\noun{Chas}}}\emph{\noun{.\ }}\textit{\emph{\noun{Oliver}}}\emph{\noun{.}}\end{flushright}
\end{quotation}
\vspace{\stretch{1}}

\mainmatter


\chapter*{CHAPTER I. THE SUPREME POWER OF NATURE}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{THE SUPREME POWER OF NATURE}


\section*{1.}

Supreme power of Nature is comprised of all.


\section*{2.}

It may be divided into three parts: Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal.


\section*{3.}

Mineral is comprised of Mineral Matter and Mineral Magnetism.


\section*{4.}

Animal is comprised of Animal Matter and Animal Magnetism.


\section*{5.}

Vegetable is comprised of Vegetable Matter and Vegetable Magnetism.


\section*{6.}

Each of the foregoing have life, and by cooperating with each other
produce life that flourishes.


\section*{7.}

There being as many different kinds of Magnetism as there are matter
which is beyond the strength of human to classify.


\section*{8.}

The supreme power of Nature had no beginning so it has no end; its
life is indestructible.


\chapter*{\protect\raggedright CHAPTER II. ASTRONOMY}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{ASTRONOMY}

%
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{abcos10_fig1}\end{center}
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(The word {}``vapor'' used in general for water, ice, atmosphere,
\textit{etc}.)


\section*{1. }

Space without beginning or end, filled with unmaterial and material
life. The material is in motion by the currents of unmaterial life.


\section*{2. }

The material is in perfect bodies, imperfect bodies, and unconcentrated
material.


\section*{3. }

Perfect bodies group into constellation, called sun's planets, planetoids,
and moons.


\section*{4. }

Imperfect bodies are comets, called periodic and parabolic comets.


\section*{5. }

Unconcentrated material called Milky Ways, and rings such as are around
Saturn.


\section*{6. }

The unmaterial life currents run in every conceivable manner. I will
call the currents carrying constellation sun currents, planet currents,
planetoid currents, moon currents, and comet currents, respectively.

Milky ways eddys.


\section*{7. }

Saturn is the only body we know which has an unconcentrated obsequious
attendant. Such rings may appear around constellations, planets, moons,
\textit{etc}.

These rings can be accounted for in two ways,-----first, the material
never being concentrated; second, by two or more bodies coming together
and throwing the bodies into atoms.


\section*{8. }

Suck, or Nebula, currents form in the Milky ways (the same as two
or more currents of air coming together and making a whirlwind), which
concentrates the material into bodies, thus forming constellations
and comets; also rings such as are around Saturn.

If a constellation is formed its current is called sun current, and
here it continues to whirl with all its subordinate currents, planet,
planetoid, and moon.


\section*{9. }

Comets are caused by sun currents' pressure forcing the suck currents
at a great speed, and forces the comet current to pass through sun
currents. Some comets pass in and out of their sun currents at regular
intervals and are called periodic, \textit{i.e}., its orbit is an
ellipse.

Comets that are parabolic will never return to their starting point
and travel wild.


\section*{10. }

Bodies may be destroyed by suck currents carrying bodies in collision
with each other; if the bodies are equal size, will throw the material
into atoms. If a small and large body come in collision the small
body will bury itself in the greater. Bodies thrown into atoms, the
atoms may continue to be carried by its respective current (as rings
around Saturn), or the atoms may be forced beyond its current and
pass as shooting stars to other bodies or milky ways.


\section*{11. }

Nebula is the suck current in the process of condensing material into
bodies. Can be seen in Milky Way with naked eve.


\chapter*{\protect\raggedright CHAPTER III. THE SOLAR SYSTEM}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{THE SOLAR SYSTEM}

%
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}\subfigure[THE SOLAR SYSTEM]{\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{abcos10_fig2a}}\end{center}

\noindent \begin{center}\subfigure[THE SUN]{\includegraphics[  width=0.50\columnwidth]{abcos10_fig2b}}\end{center}
\end{figure}



\section*{1. }

The Solar System is better known to us, as the earth on which we flourish
belongs to it.


\section*{2. }

The System is comprised of one sun (star), eight major planets, Mercury,
Venus, Earth, and one satellite, Mars and two satellites, Jupiter
and seven satellites, Saturn, its rings and ten satellites, Uranus
and four satellites, Neptune and one satellite, and some 600 planetoids,
varying in size from 600 miles in diameter to mere rocks.


\section*{3. }

The sun's diameter is 866,000 miles. Rotates every 606 hours. The
length of time its current carries the sun over its orbit is unknown.
The sun remains a melted mass; its vibration is maintained; has but
little vapor and its theme reflected on the surface of its obsequious
attendants which gives them heat and light.

Dark spots caused by vapor becoming concentrated to the sun's surface;
these spots change.


\section*{4. }

Mercury, the smallest major planet, also the closest to the sun. It
is carried over its orbit about 36,000,000 miles from the sun, which
requires 88 days to complete its course, and rotates once every 24
hours and 5 minutes. Its diameter is 3,000 miles and it has a suitable
amount of vapor for animals and vegetables to flourish.


\section*{5.}

Venus has the brightest lustre of our planets which is caused from
enormous amount of vapor. It is carried over its orbit at about 67,000,000
miles from the sun, which requires 224$\frac{7}{10}$ days to complete
its course. Rotates once every 23 hours and 21 minutes. Diameter,
7,700 miles.


\section*{6. }

The earth is carried over its orbit; main distance being 93,000,000
miles from the sun, which requires one year to complete its course,
which is 680,000,000 miles:
\medskip{}

\begin{center}\begin{tabular}{|l|r|}
\hline 
&
\noun{Miles}\\
\hline
\hline 
\noun{Earth's diameter}&
8,000\\
\hline 
\noun{Greater or equatorial}&
7,925\\
\hline 
\noun{Less or polar}&
7,899\\
\hline 
\noun{Difference on comparison}&
26\\
\hline
\end{tabular}\end{center}

\medskip{}
The earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds;
has one satellite, which is carried over its orbit at a distance of
238,850 miles from the earth. Its diameter is 2,160 miles. The moon
completes its orbit in 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes, and 2 seconds.
Its currents touch the earth and cause the tide; also affects some
plants of the phenomena \textit{\emph{verit}}a; these plants are also
affected by the sun.

Many years after the earth's material began to flourish, a small body
(whose crust was cooled) came in contact with the earth; this caused
the earth's crust to crack almost from pole to pole and formed North
and South America. The eruptions in Europe, Asia, and Africa were
greatly scattered. Australian soil is deficient in phosphorus, which
shows it is foreign and represents the small body which did not entirely
bury itself. This caused some of the earth's land surface to be below
the sea level; also caused the earth's axis to change at a very slow
rate of about 77 yards per year. This will require many thousands
of years for the North Pole to become the South Pole. For many years
the Polar star appeared {}``fixed'' at the earth's north axis.


\section*{7. }

Mars is carried around the sun by its planet current at a distance
of 140,000,000 miles, which requires 687 days, and rotates every 24
hours, 37 minutes, and 22\textonehalf{} seconds. Diameter, 4,200
miles. Mars has two satellites and is not abundant in vapor which
causes its reddish appearance, therefore vegetation and animals are
scanty.


\section*{8. }

Jupiter is the largest major planet. It makes a great jump from the
sun of 483,000,000 miles, carried by its planet current to complete
its orbit in 12 years. Rotates every 9 hours, 55 minutes, and 37 seconds.
Diameter, 88,000 miles; has seven satellites. The climate has a very
even temperature due to its fast rotation.


\section*{9. }

Saturn, the beauty of the skies, carried by its planet current around
the sun at its main distance of 883,000,000 miles (a greater distance
of 400,000,000 miles than Jupiter) which requires about 29\textonehalf{}
years. Rotates once every 10 hours, 14 minutes, and 23 seconds. Diameter,
75,000 miles. It has ten satellites and three rings of unconcentrated
material. The cape ring is about 9,000 miles across, the other two
about 16,000 each. Diameter of rings about 170,000 miles, which makes
the rings very close to the surface.


\section*{10. }

Uranus is carried by its planet current around the sun at a great
distance of 1,778,000,000 miles, which requires about 84 years. Rate
of rotation unknown. Diameter, 31,000 miles. It has four satellites.


\section*{11. }

Neptune is the farthest from the sun. Its main distance being 2,792,000,000
miles; carried by its planet current over its orbit once in 164 years,
9 months. Diameter, 37,000 miles. Period of rotation unknown. Has
one satellite. At Neptune we haven't taken a step but our next neighbor
is across the divide. Let us have a fairy dream and travel from the
sun to Neptune in a straight or direct course at the rate of 1,000,000
miles an hour; it would take us 116$\frac{1}{3}$ days to reach Neptune.


\chapter*{\protect\raggedright CHAPTER IV. ACROSS THE DIVIDE}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{ACROSS THE DIVIDE}

%
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{abcos10_fig3}\end{center}

\noindent \begin{center}THE SOLAR SYSTEM\end{center}
\end{figure}



\section*{1. }

Crossing the divide (Abyss) we encounter other systems of about 25,000,000,000,
or the first magnitude. Our most powerful glass reaches the 16th.

Magnitude is very uneven and irregular, and beyond this there is no
end.


\section*{2. }

Many constellations have more than one sun, while others are double,
quadruple, and multiple. It is estimated a brilliant star, and can
be seen; of these over a million have been catalogued and only about
25 whose distance have been measured.


\chapter*{\protect\raggedright CHAPTER V. FLOURISHMENT OF THE EARTH}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{FLOURISHMENT OF THE EARTH}


\section*{1. }

The earth reached its state of concentration, and the vapor in great
clouds enveloped the heavier substance. The earth being heaved up
by volcanoes (caused by the vapor coming in contact with the heated
material); as the vapor reached its state, rain fell on the earth
crust, and thus rivers, lakes, and oceans were formed.


\section*{2. }

Here animal and vegetable matter began to flourish.


\section*{3. }

Great deposits of protoplasm became concentrated over the earth's
surface; from the deposits sprang all kinds of vegetables and animals
that flourish, and many more families than inhabit the earth to-day
became extinct.


\section*{4. }

Vegetable matter began to flourish as its semen became concentrated,
likewise animal matter.\  (This takes place to-day in different ways,
principally in Marine varites. See Chap.\ I, par.\ 6.)


\section*{5. }

Reproductions in all families that flourish; some families mix and
their offspring will not reproduce.\  (Life cannot be destroyed,
but flourishment can.)


\section*{6. }

Man came from deposits of protoplasm (semen) as is produced for reproduction
of man to-day. The deposits were of different kinds; each deposit
brought forth its own branch of humanity, these branches being of
different type and tongue. Later the tongue of one branch became learned
by the other. From the different original tongues will give us a good
estimate of deposits in number.


\section*{7. }

Babies were nourished in the protoplasm deposits the same as they
are in their mother's womb. This nourishment came from the abundance
of albumen which accompanied the semen in concentrating. As the babies
matured they broke the crust of the deposit of protoplasm and put
forth their heads and breathed the air; their bodies still remained
in the albumen until they gained strength to feed themselves on the
albumen. Here the babies broke the cord (navel cord) that brought
nourishment into their bodies, as in the womb of a mother, and crawled
around over the crust of the deposit where they came, feeding on its
crust by putting it into their mouths. The babe has not forgotten
it yet, as everything he gets that he can handle goes to his mouth.
He learned to walk and talk to his brothers and sisters, and composed
a language of their own. Here manhood and womanhood is reached.


\section*{8. }

All animals came in like manner, but without a fluent language.


\section*{9.}

Vegetable matter flourished and the earth is inhabited. All bodies
that have atmosphere are inhabited. Atmosphere is vaporized protoplasm.


\section*{10. }

Ten of the principal materials that produce flourishment are carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, sulphur, calcium,
iron and magnesium; protoplasm contains everything; chemists have
not been able to determine and classify protoplasm.\  (See Chap.\ I,
par. 7.)


\section*{11. }

Humanity varied much in size. The giant tribe (such as the petrified
Cardiff Giant) has long been extinct. Men of this type weighed 500
pounds and more, measured nearly 12 feet in height, while our midgets
measure under 2 feet.


\section*{12. }

Hermaphrodites exist in all material that flourishes. Malformation.


\chapter*{\protect\raggedright CHAPTER VI. ANIMAL MAGNETISM}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{ANIMAL MAGNETISM}


\section*{1. }

Every animal has its own magnetism which is its source of strength
and intelligence. The glands, nerves, and ducts are batteries, ducts
and glands storage batteries, the nerves motive and sensation (or
intelligence). The brain is the principal battery of sensation (or
intelligence), while the heart is the principal motive battery.


\section*{2. }

The child begins to train himself to make use of his limbs, first
by swinging his arms and legs, second by creeping, third by walking.
Note a child feeding itself, how unsteady he is in getting his food
to his mouth; sometimes his spoon misses his mouth and the food is
spilled, for which he usually receives a slap, although he has displayed
all his energy in getting his food in his mouth. Next we find him
a trained athlete and skilled laborer, capable of applying himself
to most anything he cares to do.


\section*{3. }

But little attention is paid to the training of animal magnetism.
Any one with nerves in his teeth can concentrate magnetism in the
teeth, so it can be easily felt, also the lips; by training the magnetism
it can be concentrated in any part of the body. This takes constant
practice and could be used when one has any disability by concentrating
the magnetism in the disabled part, causing the blood to circulate
more freely at the point where the magnetism is concentrated, and
thus improving the disabled part. The osteologist does this by massage,
the real faith cure man by concentrating his magnetism on the patient,
the practitioner uses medicine and drugs, each having their own magnetism,
\textit{etc}. Accordingly many diseases are contagious by people becoming
inoculated by mild magnetism which comes from some kind of matter.\ 
(See Chap.\ I, par.\ 7.)


\subsection*{4. }

The hypnotist or mesmerist gains control of his opponents through
animal magnetism and controls every movement. The nerves cease to
act and the hypnotist is boss. The patient can be made to exert great
strength and pass dangerous points without falling. A hypnotist or
mesmerist is invariably in poor health and flesh. This is caused by
the over-taxation of his own nerves and ducts.


\section*{5.}

{[}No paragraph 5 appeared in the original booklet.{]}


\section*{6. }

Animal magnetism can he used like wireless telegraphy. Miss Helen
Kellar is one of the best known for telepathy. She was born blind,
also deaf and dumb. She is a great linguist and well educated.


\section*{7. }

The dumb animals in their wild state use telepathy much when encountering
danger; their keen scent of the deer, horse, \textit{etc}., enables
them to determine the direction of the enemy.


\section*{8. }

%
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}\includegraphics[  width=0.50\columnwidth]{abcos10_williammckinley}\end{center}

\begin{center}William McKinley\end{center}
\end{figure}


%
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}\includegraphics[  width=0.50\columnwidth]{abcos10_jamesagarfield}\end{center}

\begin{center}James A. Garfield\end{center}
\end{figure}


Predestination is cultivated and in most instances comes true. I observed
this in the case of William McKinley, martyred President of the United
States of America, who said he wanted to follow in the footsteps of
James A.\ Garfield, also martyred President. Let us see how nearly
he came following in his footsteps: Born in the same locality, President
of the same country, each supported a platform of good currency, each
assassinated in the same month, and in the seat of the Presidency.
Both died a lingering death; the difference in the length of time
of their flourishment was 8 months and 7 days.


\section*{9. }

Next observe the old in their feebleness and we see these well trained
hands tremble; the gland ducts and nerves are withering, the animal
magnetism is weakening, which renders them childish .


\section*{10. }

The ducts, glands, and nerves throw off their magnetism in many different
ways, in exertion, fright, fear, anguish, discontent, happiness, kindness,
loveliness, desire, \textit{etc}.

Dr.\ T.\ B.\ Robertson discovered that Tethelin (located in the
pituitary body at the base of the brain) produces the growth of the
body.


\chapter*{\protect\raggedright CHAPTER VII. MISCELLANEOUS}

\markboth{ABC'S OF SCIENCE}{MISCELLANEOUS}


\section*{1. }

Lightning is caused by the friction of vapor, which is at a suitable
temperature. Thus two or more currents of air coming together will
cause lightning, as the friction concentrates the electricity, and
as there is no conductor the heavy voltage flies usually toward the
nearest conductor. This voltage is so great that it explodes the air.
The air coming together again produces a great vibration, called thunder.


\section*{2. }

\vspace{0.3cm}
\begin{center}\includegraphics[  width=1.0\columnwidth]{abcos10_fig4}\end{center}
\vspace{0.3cm}

Aurora Borealis. The outer circle around the earth represents atmosphere.
The sun current carries it far from the earth's surface. At the north,
when the sun's reflection strikes the earth's crust in such a manner,
its reflection will be seen in the atmosphere at a great height, called
Northern Lights. This is mostly seen in November, December, and January.


\section*{3. }

The museum of Alexandria was established about 400 years B.C., for
the purpose of restoring science that had been lost thousands of years
before.

The cultivation of knowledge by experiment, observation, and mathematical
discussions: this was the birth of a science of to-day. The library
contained many thousands of volumes of books, but was destroyed by
Cyril; a girl in charge of the library by the name of Hypatia was
brutally killed and the flesh was scraped from her bones with sea
shells. This occurred in 414 A.D.

Alexander died at Babylon 323 B.C.

China, Mesopotamia, and India had made astronomical observations at
this early date. Most of these learnings were destroyed. Brono, Isaac
Newton, Brably, and some few others, promoted science by their discoveries
of what is to-day. 

\bigskip{}
\begin{center}\noun{{}``Good Will to Man.''}\end{center}
\end{document}
